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Assistive Tech > Lower Extremity Orthoses and Shoes > Flashcards

Lower Extremity Orthoses and Shoes Flashcards

1
Q

Principles of lower limbs orthoses

A
  1. Use only as indicated and for as long as necessary
  2. Allow joint movement wherever possible and appropriate.
  3. Orthoses should be functional throughout all phases of gait.
  4. Orthotic ankle joint should be centered over the tip of medial malleoulus.
  5. Orthotic knee joint should be centered over prominence of medial femoral condyle.
  6. Orthotic hip joint should be in a position that allows patient to sit upright at 90.
  7. Patient compliance will be enhanced if orthosis is comfortable, cosmetic and functional.
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2
Q

Foundation for most LE orthoses.

A

Shoes

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3
Q

Functions of shoes

A
  1. Transfer body weight to the ground.
  2. Protection from terrain and weather.
  3. Greatest wear on: ball of the foot slightly lateral and posterolateral edge of the heel.
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4
Q

Parts of a shoe is dived into?

A
  1. Upper: Vamp, Quarter, Tongue
  2. Sole
  3. Heel
  4. Reinforcements
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5
Q

What should you do if the shoes is to be used with an AFO having an insert as a foundation?

A

Extend the vamp to the proximal portion of the dorsum to secure the shoe and thereby the rest of the orthosis on the foot.

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6
Q

Vamp consists of ?

A
  1. Lace
  2. Strap
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7
Q

This provides more precise adjustment over the entire opening.

A

Lace

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8
Q

This is for individuals with limited manual dexterity to help them manage more easily.

A

Strap

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9
Q

Types of Vamp

A
  1. Blucher
  2. Balmoral
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10
Q
  1. Lace stays are separated from the vamp.
  2. Ease of donning
  3. Greater foot entry space and adjustability.
  4. Good for edematous and paralyzed patients.
A

Blucher

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11
Q

What type of vamp is preferable and why?

A

Blucher because it is distinguished by anterior margins of the lace stays and the vamp where they are separated.

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12
Q

The lace stays is continuous with the vamp. What type of vamp is this?

A

Balmoral

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13
Q

Types of Quarter

A
  1. High Quarter
  2. Low Quarter
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14
Q
  1. Terminates below the malleoli
  2. Does not restrict foot or ankle motion.
  3. NOT recommended for patient that has ankle or foot instability.
A

Low Quarter

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15
Q
  1. It covers both the malleoli
  2. Foot Stability
  3. Can accommodate pes equinus deformity.
A

High Quarter

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16
Q

The bottom part of the shoe that has an outer or inner.

A

Sole

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17
Q

Function on insole, outsole or insert.

A

Shock Absorption

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18
Q

Types of sole

A
  1. Orthotic Sole
  2. Leather Sole
  3. Natural/Synthetic Sole
  4. Toe Spring
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19
Q

Thicker and bulkier compared to the other shoes because of the outer and inner sole to allow metal attachment between the shoe and the orthosis.

A

Orthotic Sole

20
Q

This absorbs little impact that provides minimal tractions compared to a natural or synthetic soles.

A

Leather Sole

21
Q

This type of sole allows rocker effect for efficient toe-off and slight rise of the sole.

A

Toe Spring

22
Q

If a lift is added to the sole to compensate for LLD. What type of sole should you use?

A

The lift should be beetled to the toe spring.

23
Q

This type of heel provides the greatest stability and distributes the force between the back and front of the foot most evenly.

A

Broad Low Heel

24
Q

For adults, a _____ inches (____ centimeters) heel tilts the center of gravity slightly through ________but does not disturb normal _____ and ____ alignment significantly.

A

1 inch: 2.5 cm: stance phase: hip and knee.

25
Q

This increase the contraction of the medial gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior.

A

Slight heel lifts

26
Q

This type of heel stress to metatarsals and the knee and not recommended for patients who have metatarsalgia.

A

High heels

27
Q

Indication for high heels.

A
  1. Heel pain
  2. Achilles tendinitis
  3. Rigid Pes Equinus
  4. Promotes hip and knee flexion
28
Q

The sole is permanently flexed. What deformity?

A

Talipes Equinus

29
Q

Weakness or absence of calf muscles in which the axis of the calcaneus becomes vertically oriented.

A

Talipes Calcaneus

30
Q

Abnormally high medial longitudinal arch.

A

Talipes Cavus

31
Q

Combination of talipes equinus and talipes vagus, markede by plantarflexion, everted, and abducted foot.

A

Talipes Equinovalgus

32
Q

Clubfoot. Foot point downward and inward.

A

Talipes Equinovarus

33
Q

Deformity characterized by a dorsiflexed, inverted and adducted foot.

A

Talipes Calcaneovarus

34
Q

Deformity marked by dorsiflexion, evertion, and abducted foot.

A

Talipes Calcaneovalgus

35
Q

Deformity of the foot in which it is rotated and outward.

A

Talipes Varus

36
Q

Permanent eversion of the foot. so that only the inner side of the sole rest the ground. Outward turning of the heel resulting in foot flat.

A

Talipes Valgus

37
Q

This type of reinforcement is located at the vamp which protects the toes from stubbing and vertical trauma.

A

Toe Boxing

38
Q

This type of reinforcement accommodates hammer toes or toes is flexed.

A

Toe Boxing

39
Q

This type of reinforcement is a longitudinal plate that reinforces the sole between the anterior border of the heel and the widest part of the sole at the metatarsal heads.

A

Shank

40
Q

This type of reinforcement is necessary if an orthotic attachment is to be riveted to the shoe.

A

Corrugated steel shank

41
Q

This type of reinforcement stiffens the quarter and generally terminates at the anterior border of the heel.

A

Counter

42
Q

Type of reinforcement that can be seen in the anterior border of the heel.

A

Breast

43
Q

Type of reinforcement that can be seen in the posterior border of the heel.

A

Pitch

44
Q

Type of reinforcement is the widest area of the foot.

A

Ball

45
Q

Proper Shoe Fit

A
  1. 1/2 inch length allowance from the longest toe.
  2. Widest part of the shoe corresponds to the broadest part of the foot.
  3. Snug from heel to ball of foot.
  4. The quarters do not gap excessively leaving free space on the medial and lateral to the heads of the first and fifth metatarsal.

Assistive Tech (10 decks)

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