Lower Leg and knee

Question 1

What are the contents of the popliteal fossa?

Answer 1

popliteal artery / vein
tibial nerve
common fibular (peroneal) nerve
Lesser saphenous vein

Question 2

What structures make up the boundaries of the popliteal fossa?

Answer 2

Medial boarders : semimembranosis M. /Semitendinosis and Medial head of gastrocnemius
Lateral boarders: biceps femoris and lateral head of gastrocnemius

Question 3

What structures make up the boundaries of the popliteal fossa?

Answer 3

Medial boarders : semimembranosus M. and Medial head of gastrocnemius
Lateral boarders: biceps femoris and lateral head of gastrocnemius

Question 4

What type of injury / force causes the “terrible triad”?

Answer 4

Lateral (valgus) injury

Question 5

rotational injuires cause what kind of soft tissue knee injury

Answer 5

Meniscus and cruciate lig tears

Question 6

Rotational injuries can cause damage to?

Answer 6

The menisci

Question 7

In the case of a DVT, the greater saphenous vein is considered a deep vein t/f?

Answer 7

True: though it is technically superficial it drains into the deep femoral vein making it deep.

Question 8

The medial border of the popliteal fossa is comprised of______

Answer 8

Semimembranosus and semitendonosus

Question 9

The contents of the popliteal fossa:

Answer 9

Popliteal artery, vein, and the tibial nerve

Question 10

What soft tissue injuries of the knee are likely present along with a bone bruise?

Answer 10

ACL, PCL, and meniscal tears

Question 11

What nerve supplies the muscles that attach to the achilles tendon?

Answer 11

Tibial nerve

Question 12

Anteromedial support to the knee: SGT of SGT FOS

Answer 12

Sartorius
Gracilus
SemiTendonosus

Question 13

Posteromedial support of the knee (2)

Answer 13

Semimembranosus

Medial head of gastrocnemius

Question 14

Anterior support of the knee (2)

Answer 14

Quad femoris tendon

Patellar lig

Question 15

Anterolateral support of the knee (1)

Answer 15

Iliotibial tract

Question 16

Posteromedial support?

Answer 16

Semimembranosus

Medial head of gastroc

Question 17

Heel walking is related to what nerve roots?

Answer 17

L4/ L5 (dorsiflexion of ankle L4 ) (great toe extension L5)

Question 18

Toe walking is related to what nerve roots?

Answer 18

S1 (plantar flexion)

Question 19

foot eversion is due to what muscles of the lower leg? and this is supplied by what nerve?

Answer 19

fibularis longus and brevis. innervation from superficial fibular/ peroneal nerve

Question 20

dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot is due to what muscles of the lower leg? and what nerve supplies this ?

Answer 20

Tibialis anterior
extensor hallucis longus
Extesnor digitorum longus
Fibularis tertius

innervation : Deep fibular/ peroneal nerve

Question 21

O’Donoghue’s “Terrible Triad” involves which structures?

Answer 21

ACL, MCL, medial meniscus

But he says LM is more common

Question 22

What type of injury / force causes the “terrible triad”?

Answer 22

Lateral (valgus) injury

Question 23

A 16 yo female patient is playing in a soccer game when she attempts to switch direction. She hears a “pop” and immediately has effusion in her knee. Most likely Dx?

Answer 23

ACL tear

Question 24

Rotational injuries can cause damage to?

Answer 24

The menisci

Question 25

the ankle joint is most stable when: a. plantar flexed b. dorsi flexed c. inverted d. everted

Answer 25

b. dorsi flexed

Question 26

The deltoid ligament has four parts:

Answer 26

posterior tibiotalar tibicalcaneal tibionavicular anterior tibiotalar

Question 27

The tarsal tunnel from anterior to posterior | Tom, Dick , And Very Nervous Harry

Answer 27

``` Tib posterior m flexor Digitorum longus m posterior tibial Artery tibial Vein tibial Nerve flexor Hallucis longus m ```

Question 28

A valgus force applied to the knee would likely damage which ligament of the knee?

Answer 28

MCL

Question 29

A varus force would likely damage which ligament of the knee?

Answer 29

LCL

Question 30

A 30 yo male is bought to the ER after and MVA. He is c/o Lt knee pain after his knee hit the dashboard. Which ligament do you suspect could be injured and how would you test?

Answer 30

PCL Posterior draw or Sag sign

Question 31

A normal / uninjured meniscus will have a ______ appearance on MRI?

Answer 31

Bowtie appearance

Question 32

You find a mass in the posterior knee. What kind of cyst is found here?

Answer 32

Baker's cyst

Question 33

Name the anterolateral lateral supporting structures of the knee?

Answer 33

IT band

Question 34

Name the posterolateral supporting structures of the knee?

Answer 34

Biceps femoris Lateral head of gastroc Politeus plantaris

Question 35

the Lateral supporting structure of the knee?

Answer 35

LCL

Question 36

These muscles provide anteromedial support for the knee

Answer 36

SGT --> Sartorius Gracilis Semitendinosus

Question 37

Posteromedial support?

Answer 37

Semimembranosus | Medial head of gastroc

Question 38

Medial support for the knee?

Answer 38

MCL

Question 39

Anterior support for the knee?

Answer 39

Quads femoris tendon | Patellar ligament

Question 40

Hamstrings (SM, ST, biceps femoris causes what motion at the knee?

Answer 40

Flexion

Question 41

The Quads (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, medialis and intermedius) cause what motion at the knee?

Answer 41

Extension

Question 42

The gastrocnemius, gracilis, sartorius, and popliteus cause what motion at the knee?

Answer 42

Flexion

Question 43

Tensor fascia lata is a knee ______

Answer 43

Extensor