Lower leg, ankle, foot assessment

Question 1

pain with first step in the morning? dx

Answer 1

plantar fasciitis or Achilles tendonitis

Question 2

acute hyperextension of the 1st MTP? dx

Answer 2

turf toe

Question 3

insidious onset of 1st MTP pain and swelling? dx

Answer 3

gout

Question 4

numbness and tingling in the foot? dx

Answer 4

tarsal tunnel syndrome

Morton’s neuroma

Question 5

ottawa ankle rules - tenderness/pain areas (4)

Answer 5

post. lateral malleolus
post. medial malleolus
base of 5th metatarsal
navicular

Question 6

ecchymosis?

Answer 6

bruising

Question 7

CPG grade I ankle sprain

Answer 7

negative ant drawer and talar tilt tests
lose less than 5 deg of motion
minimal swelling

Question 8

CPG grade II ankle sprain

Answer 8

positive anterior drawer test
negative talar tilt test
lose 5-10 ROM
swelling 0.5-2cm

Question 9

CPG grade III ankle sprain

Answer 9

positive ant drawer and talar tilt tests
decreased rom >10
swelling greater than 2cm

Question 10

CPG ankle sprain recovery prognosis

Answer 10

grade I - 1 week
grade II - 2 weeks
grade III - 1-2 months

Question 11

5 factors increasing risk of acute lateral ankle sprain

Answer 11

previous sprain
don't use external support
do not properly warm up
lack DF ROM
do not participate in balance and proprioception training

Question 12

2 main foot and ankle outcome measures

Answer 12

FAAM - foot and ankle ability measure

LEFS - lower extremity functional scale

Question 13

strongest ligament between the talus and calcaneus (subtalar joint)

Answer 13

cervical ligament

Question 14

major ligament of the medial ankle

Answer 14

deltoid ligament

Question 15

major ligaments of the lateral ankle

Answer 15

PTFL
ATFL
Calcaneofibular ligament

Question 16

most commonly sprained ligament of the lateral ankle

Answer 16

Anterior talofibular

Question 17

resting position of the talocrural joint

Answer 17

10 deg PF

Question 18

close packed position of the talocrural and distal tibiofibular joints

Answer 18

max DF

Question 19

which extends more inferiorly, medial or lateral malleolus?

Answer 19

lateral

Question 20

close packed position of the midfoot and forefoot joints

Answer 20

supination

Question 21

close packed position of the MTP and IP joints

Answer 21

full extension

Question 22

very important exercises to perform following acute lateral ankle sprain

Answer 22

balance + proprioception

Question 23

1st digit complication resulting in calluses and painful bunions

Answer 23

hallux valgus

Question 24

___% of hallux valgus cases are caused by metatarsus primus varus, in which the intermetatarsal angle is increased to more than 15°

Answer 24

80%

Question 25

Formation of an interdigital neuroma as a result of injury to one of the digital nerves.

Answer 25

Morton's metatarsalgia

Question 26

what is syndactyly

Answer 26

webbing of the digits

Question 27

DF ROM

Answer 27

20

Question 28

PF ROM

Answer 28

50

Question 29

inversion ROM

Answer 29

30

Question 30

eversion ROM

Answer 30

15

Question 31

rear foot inversion and eversion ROM

Answer 31

5

Question 32

very good special test for Achilles tendon tears

Answer 32

Thompson

Question 33

good test for identifying anterolateral ankle impingement

Answer 33

impingement sign

Question 34

good test for ruling out tarsal tunnel syndrome

Answer 34

triple compression test

Question 35

special test for plantar fasciitis

Answer 35

windlass test

Question 36

Clinical prediction rule for anterolateral ankle impingement - 5/6 must be present

Answer 36

``` Anterolateral ankle joint tenderness Anterolateral ankle joint swelling Pain on forced dorsiflexion and eversion Pain on affected side with single leg squat Pain with activities Absence of ankle instability ```

Question 37

measurement in the navicular drop test that is considered abnormal

Answer 37

>10mm

Question 38

normal range for medial longitudinal arch height

Answer 38

120-150

Question 39

normal tibial torsion by viewing line between medial and lateral malleoli

Answer 39

12-18

Question 40

normal amount of toes to see during the too many toes sign

Answer 40

2 1/2

Question 41

3 test cluster for lateral ligament sprain

Answer 41

ant drawer talar tilt star excursion

Question 42

Best outcome measure for plantar fasciitis

Answer 42

FAAM - foot and ankle ability measure