systemic bone diseases

Question 1

Systemic bone disease, also known asmetabolic bone disease, refers to a ___________ group of disorders affecting the skeletal system.

Answer 1

heterogeneous

Question 2

most common metabolic bone disease, low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration

Answer 2

osteoporosis

Question 3

The most important sequelae of osteoporosis is a _____ fracture.

Answer 3

fragility

Question 4

_______ fracture is as a fracture that occurs when falling from equal to or less than standing height.

Answer 4

fragility

Question 5

the stage immediately before osteoporosis

Answer 5

osteopenia

Question 6

1 in __ women and 1 in __ men over the age of 50 will have a fragility fracture (osteoporotic fracture).

Answer 6

2, 4

Question 7

3 most common sites for osteoporotic fractures

Answer 7

spine, wrist, hip

Question 8

“Senile” osteoporosis results from

Answer 8

old age

Question 9

remove bone:

build bone:

Answer 9

remove bone: osteoclasts

build bone: osteoblasts

Question 10

Primary osteoporosis: most common, due to both ____ and declining ______levels.

Answer 10

age + hormone

Question 11

Age related is known as senile or type ___ osteoporosis

Answer 11

type II

Question 12

Osteoporosis from declining hormone levels is known as postmenopausal or ____ osteoporosis.

Answer 12

type I

Question 13

Men are less likely to be screened and treated appropriately for osteoporosis
True or false

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Gold standard for diagnosis of osteoporosis before a fragility fracture

Answer 14

DEXA

dual energy x-ray absorptiometry

Question 15

______hump may result from spontaneous compression fracture in postmenopausal woman in the thoracic spine

Answer 15

dowager’s hump

Question 16

No evidence that high-intensity exercise, such as running, is superior to low-intensity exercise, such as walking in preventing osteoporosis.

True or False

Answer 16

True

Question 17

weekly exercise requirement to prevent osteoporosis

Answer 17

30 mins/3 days

Question 18

mineral and vitamin vital to bone mineral density

Answer 18

calcium + vitamin D

Question 19

a small tube is inserted into the collapsed vertebra. A balloon is passed through the tube and is inflated to restore height to the vertebra. Cement is then injected into the vertebral body to maintain the height of the vertebra.

Answer 19

kyphoplasty

Question 20

similar procedure in which the cement is injected, but a balloon is not initially used to expand the vertebra.

Answer 20

Vertebroplasty

Question 21

most important hormone regulating bone mineral density

Answer 21

parathyroid hormone

Question 22

occurs when one or several cells in the parathyroid gland lose their ability to be regulated, developing autonomous excessive release of PTH.

Answer 22

primary hyperparathyroidism

Question 23

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is the most common cause of ____calcemia

Answer 23

hypercalcemia

Question 24

Osteitis deformans AKA

Answer 24

Paget’s disease

Question 25

most common symptom of Paget's disease

Answer 25

bone pain

Question 26

Disproportionate number of osteoclasts compared with osteoblasts is the key feature of this disease

Answer 26

Paget's

Question 27

these motions/exercises are contraindicated for older adults who have a kyphotic posture because they increase the risk for anterior vertebral compression fracture

Answer 27

flexion, rotation, side bending

Question 28

female athlete triad

Answer 28

low BMD low energy availability/disordered eating menstrual dysfunction

Question 29

Can be used to check for depression in patients with metabolic bone disease

Answer 29

Beck depression inventory

Question 30

Outcome measure used to measure posture

Answer 30

REEDCO posture score

Question 31

key components of osteoporosis exercise programs

Answer 31

intensity to stress the bone specific to a location don't assume posture is fixed

Question 32

2 main types of exercises that people with osteoporosis should perform

Answer 32

resistance + balance

Question 33

Recommended that individuals with osteoporosis do not engage in aerobic exercise to the exclusion of resistance or balance training. True or False

Answer 33

True

Question 34

Exercise intervention in older adults with osteoporosis may not increase BMD, but it can slow age-related loss of BMD True or False

Answer 34

True

Question 35

Flexion exercises are ___________ in adults with osteoporosis and a low BMD score

Answer 35

contraindicated

Question 36

most critical muscle group to address in patients with osteoporosis

Answer 36

back extensors

Question 37

Osteoporosis is a childhood disease that does not manifest until old age True or False

Answer 37

true

Question 38

Postmenopausal women have decreased BMD often because this hormone is decreased and regulates osteoclasts and osteoblasts

Answer 38

estrogen

Question 39

4 bone remodeling phases

Answer 39

Activation of osteoclasts Resorption - microtrenches Reversal - osteoblasts stimulated Formation - new bone