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Clinical Interventions > Lower Leg conditions > Flashcards

Lower Leg conditions Flashcards

(45 cards)

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1
Q

What is the most commonly fractured long bone in the body?

A

tibia

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2
Q

What is the MOI of fibular fractures?

A

Trauma in combo with tibial Fx

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3
Q

What is the presentation of tibial Fx?

A

pain, swelling, possible deformity

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4
Q

What is the presentation of fibula Fx?

A

TTP and pain with ambulation

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5
Q

How long is rehab for a non-displaced tibial Fx?

A

10-13 weeks

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6
Q

How long is rehab for a displaced tibial Fx?

A

16-26 weeks

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7
Q

How long is rehab for a fibula Fx?

A

4-6 weeks

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8
Q

What is the common location on the tibia that tibial STRESS Fx occur?

A

mid-anterior aspect (jumping) and posteromedial aspect of the tibial shaft

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9
Q

What is the MOI of tibial/fibular stress Fx?

A
  • repetitive loading during training that the bone cannot adapt to
  • WB training
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10
Q

What is the presentation of an anterior tibial stress Fx?

A
  • activity relieved with rest
  • anterior pain
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11
Q

What is the presentation of a posteromedial tibial stress Fx?

A
  • pain over the distal 1/3
  • gradual symptom onset
  • TTP
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12
Q

What is the presentation of a fibular stress Fx?

A
  • pain/TTP on the distal 1/3 of the bone
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13
Q

What are rehab concerns for tibial and fibular stress Fx?

A
  • stop activity IMMEDIATELY
  • pt education on rest and stress significance
  • maintain CV fitness with stationary cycling and water walking
  • address footwear
  • address imbalances
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14
Q

What type of tibial stress Fx take longer to heal and has a high prevalence of continued issues?

A

Mid-anterior tibial stress Fx
- short leg cast for 6-8 weeks
- surgery

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15
Q

definition: increased pressure within a fixed osteofascial compartment causes compression of muscular and neurovascular structures within the compartment

A

compartment syndrome

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16
Q

What happens to venous and arterial flow with compartment syndrome?

A

They stop (venous then arterial)

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17
Q

What is the presentation of acute compartment syndrome?

A
  • deep aching pain
  • tightness
  • swelling of involved compartment
  • reduction on foot pulses
  • sesnory change with involved nerve
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18
Q

What are aggs for acute compartment syndrome?

A

Passive stretching of involved muscles

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19
Q

What confirms a Dx for compartment syndrome?

Study These Flashcards
A

intracompartmental pressure

20
Q

What is the definitive treatment for acute compartment syndrome and acute exertional compartment syndrome?

Study These Flashcards
A

emergency fasciotomy

21
Q

What type of compartment syndrome occurs without any precipitating trauma and evolves with minimal to moderate activity?

Study These Flashcards
A

Acute exertional compartment syndrome

22
Q

What type of compartment syndrome Is activity-related in that the symptoms arise rather consistently at a certain point in the activity?

Study These Flashcards
A

chronic compartment syndrome

23
Q

What is the presentation of chronic compartment syndrome?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • sensation of pain and tightness
  • swelling of affected compartment that resolves with stopping activity
24
Q

What compartments most commonly have chronic compartment syndrome?

Study These Flashcards
A

Anterior and deep posterior

25
Do males or females respond better to fasciotomies to treat compartment syndrome?
males
26
Anterior compartment fasciotomy patients may not return to full activity until ___-___ weeks after surgery
8-12 weeks
27
Deep posterior compartment fasciotomy patients may not return to full activity until ___-___ weeks after surgery
3-4 weeks
28
What is the most common muscle strain in the lower leg?
Gastrocnemius
29
What is the typical patient presentation with a gastrocnemius muscle strain?
- feel/hear a pop - pain - may not be able to walk due to DF stretch and no push-off - TTP/divot may be present if there's a rupture
30
definition: a condition that involves increasing pain about the distal two-thirds of the posterior medial aspect of the tibia.
Medial tibial stress syndrome (Shin splints)
31
What is the presentation of medial tibial stress syndrome?
- diffuse pain on the distal medial tibia and surrounding soft tissues - excessive PRON - tender - may ONLY hurt after a workout - pain with daily ambulation - morning pain and stiffness
32
What is the MOI of medial tibial stress syndrome?
greater tensile loads - excessive/rapid PRON - PRON at wrong time in stance phase - rearfoot and forefoot varus - overuse of PF
33
How long should a person with medial tibial stress syndrome not run or jump?
7-10 days
34
definition: inflammatory condition that involves the Achilles tendon and/or its tendon sheath
achilles tendinitis
35
What is the typical presentation of achilles tendinitis?
- pain and stiffness - agg with uphill running/hill workouts/interval training - reduced gastroc and soleus flexibility - muscle testing can be WNL but can present with pain - gradual onset - stiffness and discomfort with gait after prolonged sleeping and sitting - excessive compensatory PRON
36
What is the largest tendon in the body?
achilles
37
What does the achilles tendon do?
transmits force from gastroc and soleus to the calcaneus
38
Tension through the achilles tendon in terminal stance is ____% of body weight
250%
39
Where is the typical location of an achilles tendon rupture?
2-6 cm proximal to the calcaneal insertion (avascular site)
40
What is the typical presentation of an achilles tendon rupture?
- popping - PF is painful and limited - palpable defect (+) thompson
41
What are the MOIs for achilles tendon ruptures?
- sudden, forceful PF of the ankle (jumping/running) - associated compensatory PRON for STJ - inflexibile gastroc-soleus complex - fatigue
42
Those with an achilles tendon rupture should be immobile for the first __--___ weeks post-op
6-8 weeks
43
definition: is a disc-shaped sac that lies between the Achilles tendon and the superior tuberosity of the calcaneus
retrocalcaneal bursa
44
What is the presentation of retrocalcaneal bursitis?
- gradual onset - pain with AROM/PROM of ankle DF - RELIEF with PF - painful during gait due to DF in the midstance of gait and muscle activity of the PFs during push-off
45
What causes retrocalcaneal bursitis?
- loading the foot and ankle in repeated DF - structural abnormalities

Clinical Interventions (25 decks)

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