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Anatomy Lab 1-20 > Lower Limb 2 > Flashcards

Lower Limb 2 Flashcards

(91 cards)

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1
Q

Movements of the Knee

A

Flexion (backwards)
Extension (forwards)
Rotation (slight flexion) - for ‘locking’
*Abduction/adduction restricted by ligaments

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2
Q

Movements of the Ankle

A

Plantarflexion, dorsiflexion

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3
Q

Movements of the Foot (intertarsal)

A

Sliding, gliding = inversion, eversion

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4
Q

Movements of the foot (tarsometatarsal)

A

Sliding, gliding

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5
Q

Movements of the Toes (metatarsophalangeal)

A

Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction

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6
Q

Movements of the toes (interphalangeal)

A

Flexion, extension

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7
Q

Hip Joint: muscles

A

Iliopsoas
Rectus femoris
Gluteus maxis
Hamstrings (biceps femoris, semitendinous, semimembranous)

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8
Q

Knee Joint: muscles

A

Quadriceps femoris
Hamstrings
Gastrocnemius

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9
Q

Ankle joint; muscles

A 
Tibialis anterior
Triceps sure (gastrocnemius, coleus, plantaris)
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10
Q

Iliopsoas muscle: anatomical location

A

Anterior

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11
Q

Iliopsoas muscle: made of what two muscles?

A

Psoas major

Iliacus

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12
Q

Iliopsoas muscle: attaches to what bones?

A

Vertebral column & ilium -> femur (lesser trochanter)

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13
Q

Iliopsoas muscle: function

A

Hip flexion

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14
Q

Rectus femoris muscle: anatomical location

A

Anterior

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15
Q

Rectus femoris muscle: part of what muscle group?

A

Quadriceps femoris muscles group

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16
Q

Rectus femoris muscle: attaches to?

A

Ilium -> quadriceps tendon (patella, tibia)

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17
Q

Rectus femoris muscle: function

A

Hip flexion

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18
Q

Gluteus Maximus muscle: anatomical location

A

Posterior

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19
Q

Gluteus Maximus muscle: type of muscle

A

Quadrangular, large muscles

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20
Q

Gluteus Maximus muscle: attaches to

A

Ilium (posterior gluteal surface) -> femur (gluteal tuberosity)

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21
Q

Gluteus Maximus muscle: function

A

Hip extension

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22
Q

Hamstrings muscle group (3 muscles)

A

Biceps femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus

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23
Q

Hamstrings muscle group: attaches to?

A

Ischium (tuberosity) -> head of fibula, medial tibia

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24
Q

Hamstrings muscle group (hip joint): functions

A

Hip extension
Hip lateral rotation
Medial rotation

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25
Muscles that move the Knee joint
Quadriceps femoris, hamstrings, gastrocnemius
26
Quadriceps femoris muscle: anatomical position
Anterior to knee
27
Quadriceps femoris muscle: made up of 4 muscles...?
Rectus femoris vastus lateralis Vastus medialis Vastis intermedius (deep)
28
Quadriceps femoris muscle: attaches to?
Ilium (femur) -> quadriceps tendon (-> patella -> tibia)
29
Quadriceps femoris muscle: function
Knee extension
30
Hamstrings muscle group (knee joint): anatomical location
Posterior to knee
31
Hamstrings muscle group (knee joint): attaches to?
Ischium (tuberosity) -> head of fibula, medial tibia
32
Hamstrings muscle group (knee joint): function
Knee flexion
33
Gastrocnemius muscle: anatomical location
``` Posterior Two heads (med. & lat.), superficial ```
34
Gastrocnemius muscle: attaches to?
Femur (condyles) -> calcaneal tendon (-> calcareous)
35
Gastrocnemius muscle: function
Knee flexion
36
Muscles that move the ankle joint
Tibialis Anterior | Triceps surae
37
Tibialis anterior muscle: anatomical location
Anterior, superficial
38
Tibialis anterior muscle: attaches to?
Tibia (lateral) and interosseous membrane -> tarsals (inferior, media), 1st metatarsal (base, great, toe)
39
Tibialis anterior muscle: functions
Dorsiflexion | Foot inversion
40
Triceps sure muscle: anatomical location?
Posterior
41
Triceps sure muscle: 3 muscles
Gastrocnemius Soleus Plantaris
42
Triceps sure muscle: attaches to?
Femur, Tibia -> calcaneal tendon (-> calcaneus)
43
Triceps sure muscle: function
Plantarflexion
44
Gait Cycle: purpose
Locomotion
45
Gait Cycle: 2 stances
1. Stance Phase (heel strike) | 2. Swing Phase (toe off)
46
Stance Phase (3 phases)
Early Stance (heel strike) Mid Stance Late Stance
47
Early Stance: Hip movement
In flexion -> extension
48
Early Stance: Hip concentric action
Gluteus maximus, hamstrings
49
Early Stance: Hip eccentric action
Iliopsoas
50
Early Stance: Knee movement
Extension (locked for stability)
51
Early Stance: Knee isometric action
Quadriceps femoris & hamstrings, gastrocnemius
52
Early Stance: Ankle movement
Dorsiflexion, moving into plantarflexion
53
Mid Stance: Hip movement
Moving into extension
54
Mid Stance: Hip concentric action
Gluteus maximus, hamstrings
55
Mid Stance: Hip eccentric action
Iliopsoas
56
Mid Stance: Knee movement
Extension to slight flexion
57
Mid Stance: Knee concentric action
Hamstrings, gastrocnemius
58
Mid Stance: Ankle movement
Moving into plantarflexion
59
Mid Stance: Ankle concentric action
Triceps surae
60
Late Stance: Hip movement
Extension
61
Late Stance: Hip concentric action
Gluteus maximus, hamstrings
62
Late Stance: Hip eccentric action
Iliopsoas
63
Late Stance: Knee movement
Slight flexion into extension
64
Late Stance: Knee concentric action
Quadriceps femoris
65
Late Stance: Ankle movement
Full plantarflexion
66
Late Stance: Ankle concentric action
Triceps surae (strong for propulsion)
67
Early Swing (toe off): Hip movement
Extension moving into flexion
68
Early Swing (toe off): Hip concentric action
Iliopsoas
69
Early Swing (toe off): Hip eccentric action
Gluteus maximus, hamstrings (control rate of swing)
70
Early Swing (toe off): Knee movement
In flexion
71
Early Swing (toe off): Knee concentric action
Hamstrings & gastrocnemius
72
Early Swing (toe off): Ankle movement
In dorsiflexion (allows clearance of the toes during swing)
73
Early Swing (toe off): Ankle concentric action
Tibialis anterior
74
Mid Swing: Hip movement
In flexion
75
Mid Swing: Hip concentric action
Hamstrings, gastrocnemius
76
Mid Swing: Hip eccentric movement
Gluteus maximus, hamstrings (control rate of swing)
77
Mid Swing: Knee movement
In flexion
78
Mid Swing: Knee concentric action
Hamstrings, gastrocnemius
79
Mid Swing: Ankle movement
Dorsiflexion (allow clearance of the toes during swing)
80
Mid Swing: Ankle concentric action
Tibialis anterior
81
Late Swing: Hip movement
Moved further into flexion
82
Late Swing: Hip concentric movement
Iliopsoas
83
Late Swing: Hip eccentric movement
Gluteus maximus, hamstrings (control rate of swing)
84
Late Swing: Knee movement
In flexion, moving into extension (prepare for heel strike & knee locking for stability)
85
Late Swing: Knee concentric action
Quadriceps femoris
86
Late Swing: Ankle movement
Dorsiflexion (makes stable joint position for heel strike)
87
Late Swing: Ankle concentric action
Tibialis anterior
88
Late Swing: Ankle isometric action
Triceps sure (keep ankle stable)
89
Concentric action
Shortening
90
Eccentric action
Lengthening
91
Isometric action
Muscular contractions resisting against each other, resulting in the muscles staying the same

Anatomy Lab 1-20 (22 decks)

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