Lower Limb

Question 1

What is considered thigh?

Answer 1

Hip to knee

Question 2

What is considered leg?

Answer 2

Knee to ankle

Question 3

What is the pelvic girdle made up of?

Answer 3

2 coxae

Question 4

Important structures of the femur

Answer 4

• head of femur
• greater trochanter
• lesser trochanter
• neck of femur
• body
• medial condyle
• lateral condyle
• Medial epicondyle
• lateral epicondyle
• gluteal tuberosity
• patellar surface

Question 5

Where do you typically find sesamoid bones?

Answer 5

In places of wear and tear

Question 6

What kind of bone is the patella?

Answer 6

Sesamoid bone

Question 7

What is the largest sesamoid bone

Answer 7

Patella

Question 8

What does the anterior of the patella look like?

Answer 8

Rough

Question 9

What does the posterior of the patella look like?

Answer 9

Smooth, has facets for lateral condyle and medial condylar of femur

Question 10

What is on the posterior surface of the patella?

Answer 10

Articular surface for the medial and lateral condyles of the femur

Question 11

What is the top of the patella called? The rounded part

Answer 11

Base

Question 12

What is the bottom, or pointed part of the patella called?

Answer 12

Apex

Question 13

What connects to the patella superiorly?

Answer 13

Quadriceps femoris tendon

Question 14

What connects to the patella inferiorly

Answer 14

Patellar ligament

Question 15

Where does the patellar ligament attach on the tibia?

Answer 15

Tibial tuberosity

Question 16

What are the two bones of the leg?

Answer 16

Tibia and fibula

Question 17

What is the medial bone of the leg?

Answer 17

Tibia

Question 18

What is the lateral bone of the leg?

Answer 18

Fibula

Question 19

Which is the smaller leg bone?

Answer 19

Fibula

Question 20

What are some important landmarks on the tibia?

Answer 20

• medial condyle
• tibial tuberosity
• medial malleolus
• superior articular surfaces

Question 21

Landmarks of the fibula

Answer 21

• lateral condyle
• head/neck of fibula
• lateral malleolus of fibula

Question 22

What does the tibia have that the fibula does not?

Answer 22

Medial malleolus

Question 23

What does the fibula have that the tibia does not

Answer 23

Lateral malleolus

Question 24

Which one of the leg bones is weight bearing?

Answer 24

Tibia

Question 25

What bone of the leg is more for muscle attachment?

Answer 25

Fibula

Question 26

Ankle/foot bones

Answer 26

``` Calcaneous Talus Cuboid Lateral cuneiform Intermediate cuneiform bone Metatarsal bones Phalanges (prod/mid/dist) ```

Question 27

WHat is different about he big toe than the rest of the toes

Answer 27

It does not have a middle phalange

Question 28

What bones are on the plantar surface of the foot?

Answer 28

Medial sesamoid bone and lateral sesamoid bone on the plantar surface of head of first metatarsal

Question 29

What spinal nerves are involved in the lumbar plexus?

Answer 29

Ventral rami of spinal nerves L1-L4

Question 30

What spinal nerves are the sacral plexus involved with?

Answer 30

Ventral rami of spinal nerves of L4-S4

Question 31

What assists in forming the sacral plexus

Answer 31

Part of L4 ventral ramus and all of L5 ventral ramus join to form the lumbosacral trunk

Question 32

What are the branches of the lumbar plexus (L1-L4)

Answer 32

- iliohypogastric (L1) - ilioinguinal (L1) - genitofemoral (L1-L2) - lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh (L2-L3) - femoral (F2-L4) - obturator (L2-L4)

Question 33

Supplies motor to anterior thigh muscles, and cutaneous to anterior and medial sides of the thigh, the leg and foot

Answer 33

Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

Question 34

Supplies motor to medial thigh muscles, and cutaneous to medial thigh

Answer 34

Obturator (L2-L4)

Question 35

Branches of the sacral plexus (L4-S4)

Answer 35

- superior gluteal (L4-S1) - inferior gluteal (L5-S2) - posterior cutaneous nerve to the thigh (S1-S3) - nerve to piriformis muscle (S1-S2) - nerve to quadratic femoris muscle (L5-S1) - nerve to obturator interns muscle (L5-S2) - pudendal nerve (S2-S4) - sciatic nerve (L4-S3)

Question 36

Gives motor to posterior thigh, all leg, and foot muscles, and cutaneous to leg

Answer 36

Sciatic (L4-S3)

Question 37

What is the major muscle group and main nerve for the anterior compartment of the thigh?

Answer 37

- Quads: flex thigh at hip joint (marching) and extend leg (kick ball) at knee joint - femoral nerve

Question 38

What is the major muscle group and main nerve for the medial compartment of the thigh

Answer 38

- adductor of the thigh | - obturator n

Question 39

What is the major muscle group and main nerve for the posterior compartment of the thigh

Answer 39

- extend thigh (pull foot back) at hip joint, and flex leg (bend knee) at knee joint - sciatic n Mostly tibial part

Question 40

The femoral nerve contains fibers from ____________ spinal nerves

Answer 40

Ventral rami of L2-L4

Question 41

The femoral nerve divides into ________ about 4cm inferior to inguinal ligament

Answer 41

Several branches

Question 42

What does the femoral nerve innervate

Answer 42

Anterior thigh muscles and cutaneous to anterior and medial sides of the knee, the leg, and foot

Question 43

________ is a termination of the femoral nerve

Answer 43

Saphenous

Question 44

Innervates skin of anteromedial knee, leg and foot

Answer 44

Saphenous nerve

Question 45

Obturator nerve contains fibers from _________ spinal nerves

Answer 45

Ventral rami of L2-L4

Question 46

Innervates medial thigh m uncles, and cutaneous to medial thigh

Answer 46

Obturator

Question 47

Wha5 innervates the adductor muscles?

Answer 47

Obturator nerve

Question 48

Sciatic nerve contains fibers from ___________ spinal nerves

Answer 48

Ventral rami of L4-S3

Question 49

Motor innervation to all of lower limb posteriorly

Answer 49

Sciatic

Question 50

What two nerves bound together make up the sciatic nerve?

Answer 50

Tibial nerve and common fibula nerve

Question 51

Tibial nerve arises from the ___________ spinal nerves

Answer 51

Ventral rami of L4-S3

Question 52

Innervates muscles of posterior thigh, posterior leg, and sole of feet

Answer 52

Tibial nerve

Question 53

Common fibula nerve arises from ____________ spinal nerves

Answer 53

Ventral rami of L4-S2

Question 54

Innervates the posterior thigh, lateral and anterior leg, dorsum of the foot, as well as cutaneous to anterior and lateral leg, an parts of the sole and dorsum of foot

Answer 54

Common fibula nerve

Question 55

Where do the common fibula and tibial nerve split from being the sciatic nerve?

Answer 55

Popliteal region