Lower Limb and Pelvis

Question 1

JUNCTURAE PELVIS

Answer 1

I.Syndesmoses
Lig. sacrotuberale - Foramen ischiadicum minus
Lig. sacrospinale - Foramen ischiadicum majus
Lig. inguinale (Poupart)
Membrana obturatoria - canalis obturatorius

Question 2

II.Articulatio sacroiliaca (art. plana)

Answer 2

Synovial
1.Facies articulares
Facies auricularis ossis sacri
Facies auricularis ossis ilii
2.Capsula articularis
3.Ligg.
Lig. sacroiliacum anterius + posterius 
Lig. sacroiliacum interosseum 
lig. iliolumbale

Question 3

II.Synchondroses

Answer 3

Symphysis pubica
1.Facies symphysialis, Fibrocartilage disc, Cavitas symphysialis
2.Ligg.
Superior and inferior pubic ligament

Question 4

Pelvis minor and major

Answer 4

apertura pelvis superior = linea terminalis
apertura pelvis inferior
cavitas pelvis
inclinatio pelvis male-40; female-60

Inner diameter apertura pelvis superior 
diameter transversa-13cm
diameter obliqua -12.5cm 
diameter mediana - conjugata vera-11cm
External diamaters:
distantia spinarum 25-27cm
distantia cristarum 27-29cm
distantia trochanterica 30-32cm
diameter externa - conjugata externa 20cm – 9cm (bone diameter) = conjugata vera

Question 5

Articulatio coxae

Answer 5

1. Facies articulares
facies lunata, 
lig. transversum acetabuli, labrum acetabulare
caput femoris
lig. capitis femoris – intracapsular
2. Capsula articularis
A)membrana fibrosa – linea intertrochanterica, Proximal to crista intertrochanterica 
B) membrana synovialis-  1-2cm  proximal to linea intertrochanterica 
bursa iliopectinea 
3.Ligg.
lig. iliofemorale (Bertini)
lig. pubofemorale
lig. ischiofemorale
zona orbicularis
4. Movement
Flexio-120о;  extensio-20о
Abdutio/ adductio- 70о
Rotatio - 90о

Question 6

ARTICULATIO GENUS

Answer 6

1.Facies articulares
Condyli femoris,
facies patellaris
Facies articularis superior tibiae
Meniscus lateralis - smaller and more curved
Meniscus medialis
Lig. transversum genus
2.Capsula articularis
A) membrana fibrosa –2cm over the edge of facies patellaris
B) membrana synovialis
Infrapatellar fat pad
infrapatellar synovial fold
alar fold
superior recess
Commincation with;
bursa suprapatellaris, bursa m. poplliteus, bursa m. gastrocnemius
3.Ligg.
Intracapsular
Lig. meniscofemorale posterius – meniscus lateralis to condylus medialis femoris
Lig. meniscofemorale anterius - meniscus medialis to condylus lateralis femoris
Lig. cruciatum posterius- от condylus medialis femoris дo area intercondylaris posterior
Lig. cruciatum anterius – от condylus lateralis femoris дo area intercondylaris anterior
Extracapsular
Lig. collaterale fibulare
Lig. collaterale tibiale
Lig. patellae
Lig. popliteum obliquum
Lig. arcuatum
Retinaculum mediale, laterale
4. Movement - Flexio/ extensio, Rotatio - 50о

Question 7

Distal fibulotibial joint

Answer 7

I.Syndesmoses
1. membrana interossea cruris 
2. syndesmosis tibiofibularis
Malleolus fibulare
Incisura fibularis tibiae
Lig. tibiofibularis anterius 
Lig. tibiofibularis posterius

Question 8

Proximal fibulotibial joint

Answer 8

I.Syndesmoses
1. membrana interossea cruris

1.Facies articularis
 capitis fibulae
facies articulars fibularis tibiae
2.Capsula articularis- loose
3. Ligg.
Lig. capitis anterius 
Lig. capitis posterius

Question 9

Sacrocoxygeal joint

Answer 9

1. Ligg.:
   lig. sacrococcygeum ventrale
   lig. sacrococcygeum laterale
   lig. sacrococcygeum dorsale superficiale
   lig. sacrococcygeum dorsale profundum
2. Fibrocartilage disc