Lower limb-anterior and medial thigh Flashcards
(156 cards)
1
Q
The hip bone is made up of what 3 bones
A
ilium, ischium, pubis
2
Q
The 3 bones that make up the hip bone fuse at what age
A
25
3
Q
The primary ossification centers for the hip bone are
A
body of ilium, body of ischium, body of pubis
4
Q
The secondary osssification centers for the hip bone are
A
iliac crest, AIIS, ischial tuberosity, symphysial surface of pubis, triradiate cartilage
5
Q
The cartilage where the 3 bones of the hip come together at the acetabulum is the
A
triradiate cartilage
6
Q
There are ___ iliac spines. They are the ____, ____, ____, and ____
A
4; anterior superior, anterior inferior, posterior superior, and posterior inferior
7
Q
The “sit bones” where the hamstring muscles attach are the
A
ischial tuberosities
8
Q
The ligament of the head of the femur attaches into the
A
acetabular fossa
9
Q
The ____ separates the true from the false pelvis
A
arcuate line
10
Q
The sacrum and the ilium articulate at the _____ and ___ of the sacrum to the ___ and ___ of the ilium
A
aricular surface and sacral tuberosity; auricular surface and iliac tuberosity
11
Q
The ilium and pubis come together at the
A
iliopubic eminence
12
Q
The symphysial surfaces of both sides come together anteriorly to create the
A
pubic symphyses
13
Q
The sacroiliac joint is made up of the ___ and ___
A
anterior synovial joint and posterior syndesmosis
14
Q
The anterior synovial joint is between the ___ and ___
A
auricular suface of sacrum and auricular surface of ilium
15
Q
The posterior syndesmosis is between the ___ and ___
A
sacral tuberosity and iliac tuberosity
16
Q
The movement at the sacroiliac joint is
A
nutation and counter-nutation
17
Q
There are ___ sacroiliac ligaments. They are the ____, ___, ____, and ____
A
4; anterior sacroiliac ligament, interosseous and posterior sacroiliac ligaments, sacrospinous ligament, sacrotuberous ligament
18
Q
The ligament is between the anterior part of the fibrous synovial capsule and the anterior auricular surfaces of sacrum and ilium
A
anterior sacroiliac ligament
19
Q
The ligament from the tuberosity of sacrum to the tuberosity of the ilium
A
interosseous and posterior sacroiliac ligament
20
Q
The ligament from the posterior surface of sacrum and coccyx to the ischial spine
A
Sacrospinous ligament
21
Q
The ligament from the posterior surface of sacrum and coccyx to the ischial tuberosity
A
Sacrotuberous ligament
22
Q
Weight is transferred via the
A
posterior and interosseous sacroiliac ligament
23
Q
Excessive anterior rotation (nutation) of the sacrum is prevented by the ____ and ____ ligaments
A
sacrospinous and sacrotuberous
24
Q
The pubic symphysis is a _____ joint with a _____
A
secondary cartilaginous; fibrocartilage interpubic disc
25
The _____ is between the two symphyseal surfaces of the pubic bones
pubic symphysis
26
Movement of the pubic symphysis:
pulls apart during childbirth and loosens slightly during menses
27
The ____ is between the apex of the sacrum and the base of the coccyx, with a disc in between
sacrococcygeal symphysis
28
The sacrococcygeal symphysis is a ____ joint
secondary cartilaginous
29
Movement of sacrococcygeal joint
none
30
The most proximal part of the femur is the
head
31
The most distal parts of the femur are the
condyles and epicondyles
32
The femur attaches into the
acetabulum of the hip bone
33
On the anterior surface of the femur between the trochanters is the ___
intertrochanteric line
34
The most superior portion of the medial epicondyle is the
adductor tubercle
35
On the posterior surface of the femur between the trochanters is the
intertrochanteric crest
36
From the lesser trochanter down to the mid-femur on the posterior side is the ____
pectineal line
37
From the greater trochanter down to the mid-femur on the posterior side is the ____
gluteal tuberosity
38
The pectineal line and gluteal tuberosity come together to form the _____ on the posterior side of the femur
linea aspera
39
Between the neck of the femur and greater trochanter on the posterior side is the
trochanteric fossa
40
The medial and lateral condyles of the femur articulate with the ____
tibial plateaus
41
The ACL and PCL attach at the ___
intercondylar fossa of femur
42
From the linea aspera down to the medial epicondyle is the ___
medial supracondylar line
43
From the linea aspera down to the lateral epicondyle is the ____
lateral supracondylar line
44
The primary ossificaiton center for the femur is the
body
45
The secondary ossification centers for the femur are for the ___
head, greater trochanter, lesser trochanter, and distal end
46
The hip joint is a ____ joint
ball and socket synovial
47
The head of the femur and the acetabulum create the ___ joint
hip joint
48
The movements at the hip joint are
flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation, and circumduction
49
The hip joint has __ ligaments. The ___, ___, and ____
3; iliofemoral, pubofemoral, ischiofemoral
50
Anterior and superior to the hip joint, between the AIIS and acetabular rim of ilium to the intertrochanteric line is the
iliofemoral ligament
51
Anterior and inferior to the hip joint, from the superior ramus of pubic bone to the joint capsule and iliofemoral ligament
Pubofemoral ligament
52
Posterior to the hip joint from the acetabular rim of the ischium to the femoral neck is the
ischiofemoral ligament
53
The sesamoid bone in the quadriceps tendon
patella
54
The patella has __ primary ossification center
1
55
The apex of the patella points
inferiorly
56
The anterior surface of the patella is ___ while the posterior surface of the patella is ___
rough; smooth
57
The posterior surface of the patella has the _____ which is larger, and the ____
lateral articular surface and medial articular surface
58
Surrounding the entire lower limb is the
deep fascia
59
Around the thigh is the
fascia lata
60
Around the leg is the
crural fascia
61
The thickening on the lateral surface of the fascia lata is the
IT band/ iliotibial tract
62
The anterior compartment of the thigh is innervated by the
femoral nerve
63
The medial compartment of the thigh is innervated by
obturator nerve
64
The posterior compartment of the thigh is innervated by
sciatic nerve
65
The sciatic nerve divides into the ____ and ___
tibial nerve and common fibular nerve
66
From the femur to the iliotibial tract, separating the anterior and posterior compartments is the
lateral intermuscular septum
67
The anterior and posterior compartments of the leg are separated by the
tibia
68
The anterior compartment of the leg is innervated by the
deep fibular nerve
69
The lateral compartment of the leg is innervated by the
superficial fibular nerve
70
The posterior compartment of the leg is innervated by the
tibial nerve
71
The external iliac artery becomes the femoral artery once it passes the
inguinal ligament
72
The ___ passes through the femoral triangle and adductor canal
femoral artery
73
The femoral artery continues as the popliteal artery in the popliteal fossa after passing through the
adductor hiatus
74
The ____ supplies the thigh, leg, foot, superficial perineum, and inferior abdominal wall
femoral artery
75
The femoral artery branches into the ____, ____, ____, and many other unnamed branches
superficial epigastric, superficial circumflex iliac, and external pudendal artery
76
The ____ supplies the anterior perineum
external pudendal artery
77
The ____ supplies posterior, medial, and lateral thigh, hip joint and surrounding muscles, and knee joint
deep femoral artery
78
The main arterial supply of the lower leg is the ____
femoral artery
79
The deep artery of the thigh branches into the ____ and multiple ____, as well as ___
medial femoral circumflex and perforating branches; lateral femoral circumflex
80
The ____ supply posterior, medial, and lateral thigh
perforating branches of deep femoral artery
81
The ____ supplies the hip joint and surrounding muscles
medial femoral circumflex
82
The femoral head is supplied by the
branch off of medial femoral circumflex
83
The medial femoral circumflex anastamoses with the ___ and ____
inferior gluteal artery and lateral femoral circumflex
84
A branch off the medial circumflex femoral artery runs posteriorly to the ____ to enter into the ___
neck of the femur; head of the femur
85
The lateral circumflex artery has ___ branches. The ___ and ___
2; transverse branch and descending branch
86
The ____ supplies the hip joint and surrounding muscles
transverse branch of the lateral circumflex artery
87
The ___ supplies the lateral thigh and knee
descending branch of the lateral circumflex artery
88
The lateral circumflex branch of the deep femoral artery anastamoses with the ____ and ____
superior lateral genicular artery and descending genicular artery
89
The transverse branch of the lateral circumflex anatamoses with the
medial circumflex
90
The superficial veins that drain into the femoral vein include the ____, ____, ____, and ____
superficial epigastric v, superficial circumflex v, external pudendal v, and great saphenous v
91
The ____ drains the superficial dorsum and medial surface of foot, superficial thigh, and superficial medial and anterior leg
great saphenous vein
92
The ____ drains into the popliteal vein
small saphenous vein
93
The ____ drains superficial plantar and lateral surfaces of foot and superficial posterior leg
small saphenous vein
94
The dorsal arch of the foot drains into the ____ medially and the ____ laterally
great saphenous vein; small saphenous vein
95
The plantar venous network drains into the ____
small saphenous vein
96
The superior buttock is innervated by the
superior clunial nerve (post rami of L1-L3)
97
The middle buttock is innervated by the
middle clunial nerves (post rami of S1-S3)
98
The inferior buttock is innervated by the
inferior clunial nerves (ant rami of S1-S3)
99
The inferior clunial nerves are branches off of the
posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh
100
The cutaneous sensory of perianal skin and motor to external anal sphincter innervated by
inferior rectal nerve
101
The inferior rectal nerve is a branch off of
pudendal nerve (ant rami S3-S4)
102
The cutaneous sensory of perianal skin is by
anococcygeal nerves (ant rami of S4-Co1)
103
The anococcygeal nerves are branches off of the
sacrococcygeal plexus
104
The cutaneous sensory from skin of the inguinal region is
lateral cutaneous branch of iliohypogastric (L1) and ilioinguinal (L1)
105
The cutaneous sensory from skin of the lateral thigh is
lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh (L2-L3)
106
The cutaneous sensory from the skin of the posterior thigh is
posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh (S1-S3)
107
The cutaneous sensory from the skin of the lateral leg is
lateral sural nerve (S1)
108
The lateral sural nerve is a branch of the
common fibular nerve
109
The cutaneous sensory from the skin of posterior leg and lateral foot is
medial sural nerve (S1-S2)
110
The medial sural nerve is a branch of the
tibial nerve
111
Cutaneous sensory from upper anterolateral thigh is from
lateral cutaneous branch of subcostal (T12)
112
Cutaneous sensory from upper anterior thigh is from
genitofemoral n (L1-L2)
113
Cutaneous sensory from anterior thigh is from
anterior cutaneous branches of femoral nerve (L2-L4)
114
Cutaneous sensory from upper medial thigh is from
ilioinguinal nerve (L1)
115
Cutaneous sensory from medial thigh is from
cutaneous branch of obturator nerve (L2-L4)
116
Cutaneous sensory from anterior/medial leg and medial foot is from
saphenous nerve (L3-L4)
117
The saphenous nerve is a branch off the
femoral nerve
118
Cutaneous sensory from dorsum of foot is from
superficial fibular nerve (L4-S1)
119
Cutaneous sensory from 1st interdigital cleft is from
deep fibular nerve (L5)
120
Superior and middle buttock dermatome
posterior rami of L1-Co
121
Inferior buttock and anal region dermatome
anterior rami of S1-Co
122
Inguinal region and superior anterior thigh dermatome
anterior rami L1
123
External genitalia dermatome
anterior rami L1, S2-S4
124
Medial thigh dermatome
anterior rami L1-L3
125
Anterior thigh dermatome
anterior rami L2-L4
126
Lateral thigh dermatome
anterior rami L2-L5
127
Posterior thigh dermatome
anterior rami S1-S2
128
Medial leg dermatome
anterior rami L3-L4
129
Anterior leg dermatome
anterior rami L4-L5
130
Lateral leg dermatome
anterior rami L5-S1
131
Posterior leg dermatome
anterior rami L5-S2
132
Lateral foot and digit 5 dermatome
anterior rami S1
133
Medial foot dermatome
anterior rami L4 and S2
134
Dorsum of foot dermatome
anterior rami L4-S1
135
Sole of foot dermatome
anterior rami L4-S2
136
Heel dermatome
anterior rami L5-S2
137
Medial 1/2 of digit 1 dermatome
anterior rami L4
138
Digits 2-4 and lateral 1/2 of digit 1 dermatome
anterior rami L5
139
The femoral triangle is bounded by the ____ superiorly
inguinal ligament
140
The femoral triangle is bounded by the ___ medially
adductor longus muscle
141
The femoral triangle is bounded by the ___ laterally
sartorius muscle
142
The femoral triangle is bounded by the ___ and ___ posteriorly
iliopsoas and pectineus
143
The contents of the femoral triangle from lateral to medial are the ___, ____, ____, and ________
femoral nerve, femoral artery, femoral vein, and deep inguinal lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels
144
Innervates the iliacus, pectineus, sartorius, and quadriceps femoris group
Femoral nerve
145
Provides cutaneous sensory to the skin of the anterior thigh
Femoral nerve
146
The saphenous nerve is a branch off of the ____ nerve
femoral
147
Spinal cord level for femoral nerve
L2-L4
148
Innervates skin of anterior/medial leg and medial foot
Saphenous nerve
149
Innervates gracilis, obturator externus, adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor part of adductor magnus
Obturator nerve
150
Provides cutaneous sensory of skin of medial thigh
Obturator nerve
151
Spinal cord level for obturator nerve
Obturator nerve
152
The canal from the apex of femoral triangle to adductor hiatus
Adductor canal
153
What are the 4 structures in the adductor canal
Femoral artery, femoral vein, saphenous nerve, nerve to vastus medialis
154
The muscle anterior and lateral to adductor canal
sartorius
155
The muscle anterior and medial to adductor canal
vastus medialis
156
The muscle posterior to adductor canal
adductor longus and magnus
