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Anatomy Exam 3 > Pelvis > Flashcards

Pelvis Flashcards

(121 cards)

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1
Q

The promontory and ala of the sacrum, the arcuate line of the ilium, and the superior ramus of the pubis make up the

A

pelvic inlet

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2
Q

The pubic arch, ischial tuberosities, sacrotuberous ligament, and tip of coccyx make up the

A

pelvic outlet

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3
Q

The area between the iliac crests and the pelvic inlet makes up the

A

false/lesser pelvis

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4
Q

The area between the pelvic inlet and pelvic outlet makes up the

A

true/greater pelvis

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5
Q

The pelvic floor/diaphragm is made up by the

A

levator ani m.

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6
Q

The area inferior to the pelvic diaphragm is the

A

perineum

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7
Q

Gonads of male and female embryos are similar for the first __ days after fertilization

A

40

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8
Q

The ____ has the sex-determining region

A

Y chromosome

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9
Q

The sex-determining region of the Y chromosome produces

A

testis-determining factor

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10
Q

The TDF causes the differentiation of the gonads into ___, and must be present for this to happen

A

testes

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11
Q

After production of TDF has created formation of the testes, the gonads begin to produce ____ and ___, both of which are necessary for the male system to develop fully and correctly

A

testosterone and Mullerian inhibiting factor

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12
Q

MIF causes degradation of the

A

Mullerian duct

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13
Q

Production of testosterone causes the Wolfian ducts to become the ____, ____, ____, and also develops the prostate, penis, and scrotum

A

epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct

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14
Q

The ____, _____, and ____ are the same in males and females during the first 6 weeks of development

A

genital tubercle, urethral fold, and labioscrotal swelling

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15
Q

The genital tubercle becomes the ___ in males and the ___ in females

A

glans of penis; glans of clitoris

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16
Q

The urethral folds becomes the ____ and ____ in males, and ____ and ____ in females

A

corpus spongiosum of penis and raphe of penis and scrotum; labia minora and bulbs of vestibule

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17
Q

The labioscrotal swelling becomes the ___ and ____ in males and the ____ and ____ in females

A

scrotum and corpus cavernosum of penis; labia majora and corpus cavernosum of clitoris

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18
Q

The right and left labioscrotal swellings fuse together to form the

A

scrotum

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19
Q

The midline ridge of the scrotum is the

A

scrotal raphe

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20
Q

This attaches into the skin of the scrotum and helps to pull testes closer to body in cold environment

A

dartos muscle

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21
Q

When the testes descend (~7-9mo gestationally) they take parts of the abdominal layers with them–the internal oblique forms the ____, the transversalis fascia forms the ____, and the tunica vaginalis from the peritoneum makes the ___

A

cremaster muscle and cremasteric fascia; internal spermatic fascia; fascia around the testes

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22
Q

The spermatic cord contains the ___, ____, ____, ____, ____, ____, and _____

A

ductus deferens, testicular artery, pampiniform venous plexus, genital branch of genitofemoral n, ilioinguinal n, sympathetic parasympathetic and visceral afferent nerves, and lymphatics

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23
Q

Within the testes are the ____

A

seminiferous tubules

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24
Q

The ___ make sperm

A

seminiferous tubules

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25
The tail of the epididymis becomes the
ductus deferens
26
Within the walls of the seminiferous tubules are the
Sertoli cells
27
Between the Sertoli cells are ____ to prevent diffusion between
tight junctions
28
The Leydig cells make
testosterone
29
The root of the penis is made up of ___, _____, and what 2 muscle types
bulb and right and left crura; corpus spongiosum and cavernosum
30
The part of the urethra in the neck of urinary bladder
intramural
31
The part of the urethra within the prostate
prostatic
32
The part of the urethra surrounded by the external urethral sphincter
membranous
33
The part of the urethra in the bulb and penis into the glans
spongy
34
Route of sperm
Seminal vesicle--> rete testis--> efferent ductules--> epididymis--> ductus deferens--> ejaculatory duct--> prostatic urethra--> membranous urethra--> spongy urethra--> external environment
35
The seminal vesicles are located ____ and produce ___
posterior to urinary bladder; seminal fluid
36
The prostate surrounds the ____ and produces ____
prostatic urethra; prostatic fluid
37
The bulbourethral glands are located ____ and produce ___
lateral to the membranous urethra; pre-ejaculate
38
The prostatic ducts empty into
prostatic urethra
39
The bulbourethral ducts empty into
spongy urethra
40
The ejaculatory ducts travel through the ___ carrying ____ and empty into the ____
prostate; sperm and seminal fluid; prostatic urethra
41
The external urethral sphincter is ____ muscle
skeletal
42
The internal urethral sphincter is around the ____ in order to close off the urinary bladder during emission
intramural urethra
43
The perineum contains the ___triangle, made up by the external genitalia and urethra, and ___ triangle, around the anus
urogenital; anal
44
The bulbospongiosus, external anal sphincter, and superficial transverse perineal make up the
perineal body
45
The muscle around bulb of penis and corpus spongiosum
male bulbospongiosus
46
The ____ innervates the male bulbospongiosus muscle to aid in urination or ejaculation, as well as constriction of veins in the penis and compression of blood from the bulb of the penis into the body of the penis during erection
deep branch of perineal nerve
47
The muscle around the crura and corpus cavernosum of the penis
male ischiocavernosus
48
The ____ innervates the male ischiocavernosus muscle to aid in erection
deep branch of perineal nerve
49
Somatic sensory from the genitals goes to the ____ via the ____
sacral spinal cord; pudendal nerve
50
The parasympathetic stimulation causes vasodilation of arteries in the
erectile tissue of penis
51
Somatic motor stimulation goes to the ___ and __ muscles
bulbospongiosus and ischiocavernosus
52
Mucus glands within the spongy urethra to produce mucus and the bulbourethral glands to produce pre-ejaculate is ____ stimulation
parasympathetic
53
The accumulation of sperm cells and secretions from the prostate and seminal vesicles in the prostatic urethra is controlled by ____ stimulation
sympathetic
54
Where the 2 labia minora come together anteriorly is the
glans of clitoris
55
The urethral orifice and vaginal orifice are located within the
vaginal vestibule
56
The portion of the uterus superior to the body
fundus
57
The narrowed portion of the uterus
isthmus
58
Between the isthmus of the uterus and the vagina is the
cervix
59
The two parts of the cervix are the
supravaginal and vaginal
60
The opening of the cervix from the vagina into the cervix is the
external os
61
The opening of the cervix from the cervix into the uterus is the
internal os
62
The space within the vagina encircling the cervix
vaginal fornix
63
The "ring" around the cervix is made up of what 4 parts
anterior and posterior vaginal fornices, and two lateral vaginal fornices
64
The release of an oocyte into the peritoneal cavity is
ovulation
65
A normal uterus is oriented
anteverted, anteflexed
66
When endometrial tissue grows in places other than the endometrium it is known as
endometriosis
67
The endometrium has 2 layers: the ____ which grows and sheds during the menstrual cycle and the ___ where growth starts
functional; basal
68
The 4 parts of the fallopian tube from uterus toward ovary
uterine part --> isthmus --> ampulla --> infundibulum
69
The follicles around oocytes produce
estrogen and progesterone
70
The ligament from the ovary to the posterior abdominal wall
suspensory ligament
71
The ligament from the ovary to the uterus
ovarian ligament
72
The ligament from the uterus to the posterior abdominal wall
broad ligament
73
The ligament from the uterus to the labia majora
round ligament of the uterus
74
Fertilization usually occurs in the ___ of the uterine tube
ampulla
75
The mass of fatty subcutaneous tissue anterior to pubic bones
mons pubis
76
folds of skin around pudendal cleft, which contains the labia minora and vestibule of the vagina
labia majora
77
Between the labia majora, including the labia minora is the
pudendal cleft
78
The folds of skin covering vestibule of vagina, which contains openings of the urethra, vagina, and ducts of the greater and lesser vestibular glands
labia minora
79
The mucosal covering (complete or partial) of vaginal opening
hymen
80
The clitoris consists of: ___, ____, and ____
two crura, body (made of up two corpus cavernosa), and glans of clitoris
81
Paired masses of erectile tissue located deep to labia minora
bulbs of vestibule
82
Bartholin's glands are ____ stimulation, and release ____
parasympathetic; mucus
83
Skene's glands are ____ stimulation, and release
sympathetic; fluid similar to prostatic fluid
84
The Bartholin's glands are located _____ and are homologous to the
posterior to vagina; bulbourethral glands
85
The Skene's glands are located ____ and are homologous to the
anterior to vagina; prostate
86
The levator ani muscle is made up of what 3 muscles
puborectalis, pubococcygeus, and iliococcygeus
87
The urinary bladder can hold up to ____ of liquid
1 liter
88
The smooth muscles of the urinary bladder is the
detrusor m
89
The floor of the urinary bladder is the
trigone
90
The area between the ureters superiorly is the
superior surface of the urinary bladder
91
The most anterior portion of the urinary bladder toward the pubic bone is the
apex
92
The urethra exits at the
neck of the bladder
93
The branch off of the abdominal aorta supplying the sacrum and coccyx is the
median sacral artery
94
The 3 branches off of the external iliac
deep circumflex iliac, inferior epigastric, and accessory obturator artery
95
The branch off of the external iliac that supplies the medial thigh
accessory obturator
96
The internal iliac divides into the
anterior and posterior division
97
The branch off of the posterior division that supplies the psoas major, iliacus, and quadratus lumborum muscles, and the lumbar vertebrae is the
iliolumbar
98
The branch off of the posterior division that supplies the piriformis muscle and structures within the sacral canal
lateral sacral
99
The branch off of the posterior division that supplies the superior gluteal region
superior gluteal
100
The branch off of the posterior division that supplies the inferior gluteal region; can also branch off of anterior division
inferior gluteal
101
MALES: The branch off of the anterior division that supply the urinary bladder
superior vesicle arteries off of umbilical artery
102
MALES: the branch off of the anterior division that supplies the muscles of the medial thigh
obturator
103
MALES: the branch off of the anterior division that supplies the urinary bladder, prostate, seminal vesicles, and pelvic part of ureters
inferior vesicle
104
MALES: the branch off of the anterior division that supplies the rectum, seminal vesicles, and prostate
middle rectal
105
MALES: the branch that is the continuation of the anterior division that supplies perineum
internal pudendal
106
FEMALES: the branch off of the anterior division that come off of umbilical to supply urinary bladder
superior vesicle
107
FEMALES: the branch off of the anterior division that supplies the muscles of the medial thigh
obturator
108
FEMALES: the branch off of the anterior division that supplies the uterus, uterine tube, urinary bladder, and vagina
uterine
109
FEMALES: branch off of the anterior division off of the uterine artery to supply the vagina
vaginal
110
FEMALES: branch off of the anterior division to supply the rectum and vagina
middle rectal
111
FEMALES: branch off of the anterior division to supply the perineum
internal pudendal
112
The branch off of the internal pudendal that supplies anal canal and anus
inferior rectal
113
The branch off of the internal pudendal that supplies the perineal muscles
perineal
114
The branch off of the perineal artery that supplies the skin of scrotum or labia majora
posterior scrotal or labial
115
The branch off of the perineal artery that supplies the bulb of penis and bulbourethral glands in males or the vaginal vestibule, labia minora, and vestibular glands in females
artery of bulb of penis or vestibule
116
The branch off the internal pudendal that supplies erectile tissue of penis or clitoris
deep artery of penis or clitoris
117
The branch off the internal pudendal that supplies the perineal muscles, skin and fascia of penis or clitoris, and glans of penis or clitoris
dorsal artery of penis or clitoris
118
Branch of the pudendal nerve (S2-S4) that innervates external anal sphincter and has cutaneous sensory from skin of perianal region
inferior rectal nerve
119
Branch of pudendal nerve (S2-S4) that has cutaneous sensory from skin of penis or clitoris
dorsal nerve of penis or clitoris
120
Branch of pudendal nerve (S2-S4) that is cutaneous sensory from skin of posterior scrotum or labia majora
superficial branch of perineal nerve
121
Branch of pudendal nerve (S2-S4) that innervates perineal muscles and cutaneous sensory from skin of vestibule, labia minora, and mucosa of vagina
deep branch of perineal nerve

Anatomy Exam 3 (9 decks)

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