Lower limb attachments

Question 1

Piriformis

Answer 1

DEEP GLUTEAL COMPARTMENT
Proximal=anterior sacrum between anterior sacral foramina
Distal=medial aspect of greater trochanter

Question 2

Obturator internus

Answer 2

DEEP GLUTEAL COMPARTMENT
Proximal= deep surface of (internal) obturator membrane
Distal=medial aspect of greater trochanter

Question 3

Gluteus maximus

Answer 3

SUPERFICIAL GLUTEAL COMPARTMENT
Proximal=between PSIS and posterior gluteal line (fascia covering gluteus medius, external surface of ilium behind posterior gluteal line, fascia of erector spinae, dorsal surface of lower sacrum, lateral margin of coccyx, external surface of sacrotuberous ligament)
Distal deep fibres=gluteal tuberosity of proximal femur
Distal superficial fibres= posterior aspect of iliotibial tract of fascia lata

Question 4

Gluteus medius

Answer 4

SUPERFICIAL GLUTEAL COMPARTMENT
Proximal=external ilium between posterior and anterior gluteal lines
Distal=lateral surface of greater trochanter (elongate facet)

Question 5

Gluteus minimus

Answer 5

SUPERFICIAL GLUTEAL COMPARTMENT
Proximal=external ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
Distal=anterolateral aspect of greater trochanter (linear facet)

Question 6

Superior gamellus

Answer 6

DEEP GLUTEAL COMPARTMENT
Proximal=ischial spine
Distal=greater trochanter (medial side)

Question 7

Inferior gamellus

Answer 7

DEEP GLUTEAL COMPARTMENT
Proximal=ischial tuberosity
Distal=greater trochanter (medial side)

Question 8

Quadratus femoris

Answer 8

DEEP GLUTEAL COMPARTMENT
Proximal=ischium (lateral aspect) anterior to ischial tuberosity
Distal=intertrochanteric crest of proximal femur (quadrate tubercle)

Question 9

Ilio-psoas

Answer 9

ANTERIOR THIGH COMPARTMENT
Proximal iliacus=iliac fossa of anterior ilium
Proximal psoas major=posterior abdominal wall
Distal=lesser trochanter

Question 10

Sartorius

Answer 10

ANTERIOR THIGH COMPARTMENT
Proximal=ASIS
Distal=pes anserinus ligament on medial tibia, inferomedial to tibial tuberosity

Question 11

Quadriceps femoris-Rectus femoris

Answer 11

ANTERIOR THIGH COMPARTMENT
Proximal straight head=ASIS
Proximal reflected head=ilium (superior to acetabulum)
Distal=quadriceps femoris tendon

Question 12

Adductor longus

Answer 12

MEDIAL THIGH COMPARTMENT
Proximal=body of pubis and ischiopubic ramus
Distal=linea aspera on femoral shaft

Question 13

Adductor brevis

Answer 13

MEDIAL THIGH COMPARTMENT
Proximal=body of pubis and inferior pubic ramus
Distal=posterior surface of proximal femur and upper third of linea aspera

Question 14

Adductor magnus

Answer 14

MEDIAL THIGH COMPARTMENT
Proximal=pubis and ischiopubic ramus (adductor part), ischial tuberosity (hamstring part)
Distal=posterior surface of proximal femur, linea aspera and medial supracondylar line (adductor part)
-adductor tubercle and supracondylar line (hamstring part)

Question 15

Gracilis

Answer 15

MEDIAL THIGH COMPARTMENT
Proximal=body of pubis, inferior pubic ramus and ramus of ischium
Distal=medial-proximal tibial shaft

Question 16

Obturator externus

Answer 16

MEDIAL THIGH COMPARTMENT
Proximal=obturator membrane (external surface) and adjacent bone
Distal=trochanteric fossa

Question 17

Pectineus

Answer 17

MEDIAL THIGH COMPARTMENT
Proximal=pecten pubis and adjacent bone of pelvis
Distal=oblique line from lesser trochanter base to linea aspera

Question 18

Semimembranous

Answer 18

POSTERIOR THIGH COMPARTMENT
Proximal=ischial tuberosity
Distal=medial tibial condyle

Question 19

Semitendinosus

Answer 19

POSTERIOR THIGH COMPARTMENT
Proximal=ischial tuberosity
Distal=medial surface of proximal tibia

Question 20

Biceps femoris

Answer 20

POSTERIOR THIGH COMPARTMENT
Proximal=ischial tuberosity (long head) and lateral lip of linea aspera (short head)
Distal=head of fibula

Question 21

Tensor fascia lata

Answer 21

ANTERIOR THIGH COMPARTMENT
Proximal=lateral iliac crest between ASIS and tubercle
Distal=iliotibial tract of fascia lata

Question 22

Quadriceps femoris-vastus medialis, intermedius and lateralis

Answer 22

ANTERIOR THIGH COMPARTMENT
Proximal=medial, anterior and lateral femoral shaft respectively
Distal=quadriceps femoris tendon

Question 23

Gastrocnemius

Answer 23

SUPERFICIAL LEG COMPARTMENT
Proximal= lateral femoral condyle (lateral head) and posterior surface of distal femur just superior to medial condyle (medial head)
Distal=calcaneal tendon

Question 24

Soleus

Answer 24

SUPERFICIAL LEG COMPARTMENT
Proximal=soleal line and medial border of tibia, posterior fibular head, adjacent surfaces of neck and proximal shaft, tendinous arch between tibial and fibular attachments
Distal= calcaneal tendon

Question 25

Plantaris

Answer 25

SUPERFICIAL LEG COMPARTMENT Proximal= lateral supracondylar line of femur and oblique popliteal ligament Distal=calcaneal tendon

Question 26

Popliteus

Answer 26

DEEP LEG COMPARTMENT Proximal=lateral femoral condyle Distal=posterior surface of proximal tibia

Question 27

Tibialis posterior

Answer 27

DEEP LEG COMPARTMENT Proximal= posterior interosseous membrane and adjacent tibia/fibula Distal=navicular tuberosity, medial cuneiform

Question 28

Flexor digitorium longus

Answer 28

DEEP LEG COMPARTMENT Proximal=medial side of posterior surface of tibia Distal=plantar surfaces of base of distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes

Question 29

Flexor hallicus longus

Answer 29

DEEP LEG COMPARTMENT Proximal=posterior fibula and interosseous membrane adjacent Distal=plantar surface of distal phalanx of great toe

Question 30

Fibularis longus

Answer 30

LATERAL LEG COMPARTMENT Proximal=upper lateral surface of fibula, head of fibula and occasionally lateral tibial condyle Distal=undersurface of lateral side of distal end of medial cuneiform, base of first metatarsal

Question 31

Fibularis brevis

Answer 31

LATERAL LEG COMPARTMENT Proximal=lower 2/3rds of lateral surface of fibula shaft Distal=lateral tubercle at base of fifth metatarsal

Question 32

Tibialis anterior

Answer 32

ANTERIOR LEG COMPARTMENT Proximal=lateral tibia and interosseous membrane adjacent Distal=medial cuneiform (medial and inferior surfaces) and adjacent first metatarsal base

Question 33

Extensor hallucis longus

Answer 33

ANTERIOR LEG COMPARTMENT Proximal=medial fibula and interosseous membrane adjacent Distal=dorsal surface of base of distal phalanx of great toe

Question 34

Extensor digitorium longus

Answer 34

ANTERIOR LEG COMPARTMENT Proximal=medial fibula and related surface of lateral tibial condyle Distal=via dorsal digital expansions into bases of distal and middle phalanges of lateral 4 toes

Question 35

Peroneus tertius

Answer 35

ANTERIOR LEG COMPARTMENT Proximal= medial fibula (distal part) Distal=dorsomedial surface of base of fifth metatarsal