Long proximal=infraglenoid tubercle - Long medial and long lateral=posterior humeral shaft - Distal=triceps tendon attaches to olecranon

Upper limb attachments Flashcards by Megan Haine

Pectoralis major

Proximal=medial third of clavicle (clavicular head), anterior surface of sternum (sternocostal head), costal cartilages 1-7, sternal end of 6th rib and aponeurosis of external oblique (abdominal part)
Distal=lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus

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Pectoralis minor

Proximal=ribs 3-5 (anterior surface and superior rib border)

Distal=coracoid process of scapula

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Trapezius

Proximal=ligamentum nuchae, external occipital protuberance, the thoracic spine (spinous processes of vertebra C7-T12), superior nuchal line
Distal=acromion, posterior border of lateral third of clavicle, crest of the scapular spine

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Serratus anterior

Origin=lateral surface of ribs 1-8

Insertion=costal surface of medial border to scapula

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Latissimus dorsi

Proximal=spinous processes of T6-T12, spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae (L1-L5) via thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, lower 3-4 ribs
Distal=floor of intertubercular sulcus

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Deltoid

Proximal=anterior border of lateral third of clavicle, acromion and crest of the spine of the scapula
Distal=deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

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Teres major

Proximal=posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula

Distal=medial lip of intertubercular sulcus

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Supraspinatus

Proximal=supraspinous fossa

Distal=greater tubercle (most superior facet)

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Infraspinatus

Proximal=infraspinous fossa

Distal=greater tubercle (middle facet)

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Teres minor

Proximal=posterior surface of scapula immediately adjacent to lateral border of scapula
Distal=greater tubercle (inferior facet)

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Subscapularis

Proximal=medial 2/3rds of subscapular fossa

Distal=lesser tubercle

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Coracobrachialis

Proximal=coracoid process

Distal=midshaft of humerus on medial side (linear roughening)

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Biceps brachii

Short proximal=coracoid process
Long proximal=supraglenoid tubercle
Distal=radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosiis

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Brachialis

Proximal=anterior humeral shaft and intermuscular septae adjacent
Distal=ulnar tuberosity

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Triceps

Long proximal=infraglenoid tubercle

Long medial and long lateral=posterior humeral shaft
Distal=triceps tendon attaches to olecranon

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Pronator teres

Proximal=coronoid process (ulnar head), medial epicondyle and supra-epicondylar ridge adjacent (humeral head)
Distal=lateral surface of radial midshaft

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Flexor carpi ulnaris

Proximal humeral head=medial epicondyle
Proximal ulnar head=olecranon and posterior ulnar border
Distal=pisiform bone, and then via pisohamate and pisometacarpal ligaments into the hamate and base of metacarpal V

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Flexor carpi radialis

Proximal=medial epicondyle

Distal=metacarpals 2 and 3 (base)

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Palmaris longus

Proximal=medial epicondyle

Distal=palmar aponeurosis of hand

Flexor digitorium superficialis

Proximal=oblique line of radius (radial head), medial epicondyle and adjacent margin of coronoid process (humero-ulnar head)
Distal=middle phalanx (4 tendons)

Flexor digitorium profundus

Proximal=ulna (anterior and medial surfaces) and interosseous membrane (anterior medial half)
Distal=palmar surface of distal phalanges (4 tendons)

Flexor pollicus longus

Proximal=anterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane (radial half)
Distal=base of distal phalanx of thumb (palmar surface)

Pronator quadratus

Proximal=linear ridge on distal anterior surface of ulna

Distal-distal anterior surface of radius

Supinator

Proximal=lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral and anular ligaments (superficial part) and supinator crest of ulna (deep part)
Distal=lateral radius superior to anterior oblique line

Brachioradialis

Proximal=lateral supraepicondylar ridge and intermuscular septum adjacent Distal=lateral surface of distal radius

Extensor carpi radialis longus

Proximal=lateral supraepicondylar ridge (distal part) and intermuscular septum adjacent Distal=dorsal surface of base of second metacarpal

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Proximal=lateral epicondyle and intermuscular septum adjacent Distal=dorsal surface of base of second and third metacarpals

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Proximal=laterla epicondyle and posterior border of ulna | Distal=tubercle on base of medial side of fifth metacarpal

Extensor digitorium

Proximal=lateral epicondyle and intermuscular septum and adjacent and deep fascia Distal=insert via extensor hoods into dorsal aspect of base of middle and distal phalanges of 4 fingers (not thumb=4 tendons)

Extensor digiti minimi

Proximal=lateral epicondyle and intermuscular septum adjacent together with extensor digitorum Distal=extensor hood of little finger

Adductor pollicis

Proximal= third metacarpal (transverse head), capitate and bases of second and third metacarpals (oblique head) Distal=base of proximal phalanx and medial side of extensor hood of thumb

Palmaris brevis

Proximal=palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum | Distal=dermis of skin on medial margin of hand

Palmar interossei

Proximal= adjacent sides of metacarpals | Distal=extensor hoods of thumb, index, ring and little fingers and proximal phalanx of thumb

Dorsal interossei

Proximal=adjacent sides of two metacarpals | Distal=sides of extensor hoods and base of proximal phalanges of index, middle and ring fingers

Lumbricals

Proximal=flexor digitorium profundus tendons | Distal=lateral side of extensor hoods of 4 fingers (not thumb)

Opponens pollicis

THENAR COMPARTMENT Proximal=tubercle of trapezium and flexor retinaculum Distal=lateral margin and adjacent palmar surface of first metacarpal

Abductor pollicis brevis

THENAR COMPARTMENT Proximal=tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium and flexor retinaculum adjacent Distal=proximal phalanx and outside of extensor hood of thumb

Flexor pollicis brevis

THENAR COMPARTMENT Proximal=tubercle of trapezium and flexor retinaculum Distal=proximal phalanx of thumb

Opponens digiti minimi

HYPOTHENAR COMPARTMENT Proximal=hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum Distal=medial aspect of 5th metacarpal

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

HYPOTHENAR COMPARTMENT Proximal=hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum Distal=proximal phalanx of little finger

Abductor digiti minimi

HYPOTHENAR COMPARTMENT Proximal=pisiform, pisohamate ligament, flexor carpi ulnaris tendon Distal=proximal phalanx of little finger

Abductor pollicis longus

Proximal=posterior surface of ulna and radius and intervening interosseous membrane Distal=lateral side of base of first metacarpal

Extensor pollicis brevis

Proximal=posterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane adjacent Distal=dorsal surface of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

Extensor pollicis longus

Proximal=posterior surface of ulna and interosseous membrane adjacent Distal=dorsal surface of base of distal phalanx of thumb

Extensor indicis

Proximal=posterior surface of ulna and interosseous membrane adjacent Distal=extensor hood of index finger