Lower Limb Muscles - Origins and Insertions

Question 1

Psoas minor

Answer 1

O: Sides of T12-L1 vertebrae and intervertebral discs
I: Pectineal line of pubis
missing in lots of bodys

Question 2

Psoas major

Answer 2

O: Transverse processes of all lumbar vertebrae; sides of bodies of vertebrae T12-L5 and intervertebral discs in between
I: Lesser trochanter of femur

Question 3

Iliacus

Answer 3

O: Iliac fossa, ala of sacrum and sacro-iliac ligaments
I: Lesser trochanter of femur

Question 4

Sartorius

Answer 4

O: Anterior superior iliac spine
I: Anterior aspect of medial condyle of tibia (pes anserinus)

Question 5

Tensor fasciae latae

Answer 5

O: Anterior superior iliac spine and anterior part of iliac crest
I: Iliotibial band, which attaches to antero-lateral tubercle of the tibia

Question 6

Iliotibial band

Answer 6

O: Femur via the lateral intermuscular septum
I: Lateral Proximal tibia (Gerdy’s tubercle)

Question 7

Gluteus maximus

Answer 7

O: Ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line, dorsal lower sacrum and coccyx, erector spinae aponeurosis and sacrotuberous ligament
I: Iliotibial tract which inserts into lateral condyle of tibia and gluteal tuberosity

Question 8

Gluteus medius

Answer 8

O: External surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
I: Lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur

Question 9

Gluteus minimus

Answer 9

O: External surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
I: Greater trochanter of femur

Question 10

Piriformis

Answer 10

O: Anterior surface of sacrum
I: Greater trochanter of femur

Question 11

Superior gemellus

Answer 11

O: Ischial spine
I: Greater Trochanter - Trochanteric fossa of femur

Question 12

Obturator internus

Answer 12

O: Internal surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bones
I: Greater Trochanter - Trochanteric fossa of femur

Question 13

Inferior gemellus

Answer 13

O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Greater Trochanter - Trochanteric fossa of femur

Question 14

Obturator externus

Answer 14

O: External margins of obturator foramen and obturator membrane
I: Greater Trochanter - Trochanteric fossa of femur

Question 15

Quadratus femoris

Answer 15

O: Lateral border of ischial tuberosity
I: Quadrate tubercle

Question 16

Gracilis

Answer 16

O: Anterior body of pubis and inferior pubic ramus
I: Anterior surface of medial condyle of tibia (Pes Anserinus)

Question 17

Adductor longus

Answer 17

O: Body of pubis and inferior pubic ramus
I: Middle third of linea aspera of femur

Question 18

Pectineus

Answer 18

O: Pectineal line; a part of superior ramus of pubis
I: Pectineal line of femur

Question 19

Adductor brevis

Answer 19

O: Body of pubis and inferior pubic ramus
I: Pectineal line and proximal part of linea aspera of femur

Question 20

Adductor magnus (Add & Ex hamstrings)

Answer 20

O: Adductor part: inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium.
O: Ex-Hamstrings part: ischial tuberosity
I: Adductor part: gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line.
I: Ex-Hamstrings part: adductor tubercle of femur

Question 21

Rectus Femoris

Answer 21

O: Anterior inferior iliac spine
I: Quadriceps tendon - patella tendon - tibial tuberosity

Question 22

Semitendinosus

Answer 22

O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Medial surface of superior part of tibia (pes anserinus)

Question 23

Semimembranosus

Answer 23

O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Posterior part of medial condyle of tibia

Question 24

Biceps femoris (Short & Long head (origin only))

Answer 24

O: Long head: Ischial tuberosity.
O: Short head: linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur
I: Lateral side of head of fibula

Question 25

Tibialis anterior

Answer 25

O: Lateral tibial condyle, proximal and lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane I: Plantar surface of medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal

Question 26

Extensor digitorum longus

Answer 26

O: Lateral tibial condyle, upper 2/3 anterior fibular and interosseous membrane I: Middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-4 via dorsal digit expansion

Question 27

Extensor hallucis longus

Answer 27

O: Middle medial surface of fibula and interosseous membrane I: Dorsal base of distal phalanx of hallux

Question 28

Fibularis tertius

Answer 28

O: Distal 1/3 of fibula and interosseous membrane I: Dorsal surface of base of 5th metatarsal

Question 29

Fibularis longus

Answer 29

O: Head and superior 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula I: Plantar base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform

Question 30

Fibularis brevis

Answer 30

O: Distal 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula I: Styloid process of the 5th metatarsal

Question 31

Popliteus

Answer 31

O: Lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur I: Posterior surface of tibia, superior to soleal line

Question 32

Gastrocnemius

Answer 32

O: Lateral head: lateral aspect of lateral condyle of femur Medial head: popliteal surface of femur; superior to medial condyle I: Posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

Question 33

Soleus

Answer 33

O: Posterior aspect of head of fibula, soleal line, and middle 1/3 of medial border of tibia I: Posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

Question 34

Plantaris

Answer 34

O: Lateral supracondylar line of femur I: Posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

Question 35

Flexor hallucis longus

Answer 35

O: Inferior two thirds of posterior surface of fibula; inferior part of interosseous membrane I: Base of distal phalanx of great toe (hallux)

Question 36

Flexor digitorum longus

Answer 36

O: Medial part of posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line; by a broad tendon to fibula I: Bases of distal phalanges of lateral four digits

Question 37

Tibialis posterior

Answer 37

O: Interosseous membrane, posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line and posterior surface of fibula I: Tuberosity of navicular, cuneiform bones, cuboid, sustentaculum tali (calcaneus), bases of 2nd-4th metatarsals

Question 38

Vastus Medialis

Answer 38

O: Intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera of femur. I: Quadriceps tendon - patella tendon - tibial tuberosity

Question 39

Vastus Intermedius

Answer 39

O: Anterior and lateral surfaces of shaft of femur I: Quadriceps tendon - patella tendon - tibial tuberosity

Question 40

Vastus Lateralis

Answer 40

O: Greater trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera of femur I: Quadriceps tendon - patella tendon - tibial tuberosity

Question 41

Articularis Genu

Answer 41

Beneath vastus intermedius | Distal anterior surface of femur.