Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Human Body in Health and Disease and Basic Anatomy > Sensory System > Flashcards

Sensory System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 general senses

A

1) Pain 2) Touch 3) Temperature (hot and cold) 4) Pressure 5) Position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are 5 special senses

A

1) Vision 2) Hearing 3) Equilibrium 4) Taste 5) Smell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Accommodation

A

Alterations in the lens’ shape to allow for near or far vision.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Adaptation

A

Adaptation is the decline of the electric responses of a receptor neuron over time in spite of the continued presence of an appropriated stimulus of constant strength.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Anterior and posterior cavities

A

First division of the eyeball, separated by the crystalline lens.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Anterior and posterior chambers

A

Second division of the eyeball, separated by the iris.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Anosmia

A

The loss of the sense of smell, either total or partial. It may be caused by head injury, infection, or blockage of the nose.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Astigmatism

A

The visual defect caused by a irregularity in the curvature of the lens or cornea.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Auditory Tube

A

Eustachian tube- connects the middle ear with the nasopharnyx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Aqueous humor

A

The watery fluid that fills much of the eyeball in front of the crystalline lens.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cataract

A

A loss of lens transparency.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Choroid layer

A

The vascular, dark brown or black pigmented which absorbs excess light and keeps the eye dark inside by preventing reflection. The middle layer of the eye.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cornea

A

The part of the eye that light rays pass through first as they enter the eye. The transparent portion of the sclera.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Conjunctiva

A

The membrane that lines the inside of the eyelids and is a thin transparent layer of mucous membrane that covers the exposed eyeball.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cone

A

A vision receptor that is sensitive to color

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Ciliary muscle or body

A

The structure that alters the shape of the lens for accommodation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Conclear branch

A

The branch of the vestibulocochlear nerve that carries hearing impulses.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Cochlea

A

A spiral tube shaped like a snail shell. Inside is the organ of Corti that translates sound vibrations into nerve impulses.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Color blindness

A

A condition in a person who lacks cones in the retina.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Cerumen

A

Ear wax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Ceruminous gland

A

The glands that secrete cerumin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Crystalline lens

A

A circular structure that consists of a jelly-like material, Its function is to accommodate or make adjustments for viewing near and far objects.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Dark adaptation

A

The interval needed for rods to adjust from light to dark stimuli.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Eyelids

A

Protects the anterior eye from dust, intense light and impact.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Eyelashes

A

Hair growing on the edge of an eyelid; aid in protecting the anterior (front) of the eye.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Eustachian tube

A

The channel connecting the middle ear cavity with the pharynx.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Glaucoma

A

A condition caused by continued high pressure of the aqueous humor, which may result in the destruction of the optic nerve.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Gustation

A

Scientific name for the sense of taste.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Hearing

A

The faculty of perceiving sounds.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Hyperopia

A

The scientific name for farsightedness, in which light rays are not bent sharply enough to focus on the retina when viewing close objects.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Incus

A

Anvil shaped middle bone of the ear.

32
Q

Iris

A

The muscle that regulates the amount of light entering the eye.

33
Q

Lacrimal Apparatus

A

A mechanism (structure) that cleanses and lubricates (kept moist) the eye. Consists of
1) Lacrimal gland-located superiorly and laterally over each eye.
2) Lacrimal ducts- two short ducts in the medial corner of each eye
3) Lacrimal sac- an enlarged sac that leads to the…
4) Nasolacrimal duct- conveys the tear fluid from the sac into the nasal cavity through the lacrimal bone.

34
Q

Lymph

A

Fluid contained within the inner ear.

35
Q

Lens (crystalline lens)

A

Located posterior to the iris and is suspended by thin zonular fibers near the ciliary body.

36
Q

Macula

A

An oval yellowish area surrounding the fovea near the center of the retina in the eye, which is the region of keenest vision.

37
Q

Malleus

A

Hammer shaped middle bone of the ear.

38
Q

Myopia

A

The scientific name for nearsightedness, in which the focal point is in front of the retina and distant objects appear blurred.

39
Q

Olfaction

A

The sense of smell. Receptors are located in the epithelium of the nasal cavity and supplied by the Olfactory nerve (CN I).

40
Q

Ophthalmia neonatorum

A

Eye infection of newborns

41
Q

Pinna or auricle

A

Another name for the projecting part, or auricle of the ear.

42
Q

Orbital cavity

A

A bony, cone-shaped socket in front of the skull lined with fatty tissue to protect the eyeball. Bones of the orbital cavity are: FRONTAL, SPHENOID, ETHMOID, MAXILLA, ZYGOMATIC and LACRIMAL.

43
Q

Optic nerve

A

The nerve that carries visual impulses from the retina to the brain.

44
Q

Origin of the Corti

A

of hearing.The structure that contains specialized receptor cells that detect sound waves or for hearing. Known as the organ

45
Q

Ossicles

A

Little bones of the ear; malleus (hammer), incus (anvil) and the stapes (stirrup). These extend across the chamber of the tympanum to the oval window and transmit sound waves through the middle ear.

46
Q

Otitis media

A

Infection and inflammation of the middle ear.

47
Q

Perilymph

A

Fluid of the inner ear.

48
Q

Pupil

A

The central opening of the iris.

49
Q

Proprioceptor

A

A sensory receptor which receives stimuli from within the body, especially one that responds to position and movement.

50
Q

Refraction

A

The bending of light rays as they pass through the structures of the eye.

51
Q

Rod

A

A vision receptor that functions well in dim light.

52
Q

Retina

A

The innermost layer or nervous layer of the eyeball that includes the receptors for the sense of vision.

53
Q

Sclera

A

The outermost layer composed of dense white fibrous tissue which becomes modified in the front of the eyeball into the delicate structure called the cornea.

54
Q

Semicircular glands

A

The sense of position is partially governed by equilibrium receptors in the internal ear, including chambers in the vestibule and the three semicircular glands.

55
Q

Semicircular canal

A

Passages in the inner ear which control the sense of balance.

56
Q

Sensory adaptation

A

Sensory adaptation is a reduction in sensitivity to a stimulus after constant exposure to it.

57
Q

Sensory receptor

A

Sensory receptors occur in specialized organs such as the eyes, ears, nose, and mouth, as well as internal organs.

58
Q

Spiral organ

A

The organ of Corti, also known as the spiral organ, is the receptor organ for hearing, located in the cochlea.

59
Q

Stapes

A

Stirrup shaped middle bone of the ear.

60
Q

Strabismus

A

Abnormal alignment of the eyes; the condition of having a squint.

61
Q

Trachoma

A

Infection of the eye caused by Chlamydia trachomatis

62
Q

Lacrimation

A

The production of tears.

63
Q

Tympanic membrane

A

The tympanic membrane is also called the eardrum. It separates the outer ear from the middle ear.

64
Q

Vestibule

A

An oval cavity located in the center of the inner ear next to the oval window. Contains receptors for equilibrium which control the sense of balance.

65
Q

Vitreous body

A

The jelly-like material located behind the crystalline lens that maintains the shape of the eye.

66
Q

Conjunctivitis

A

Inflammation of the membrane lining the eyelid.

67
Q

Lysozyme

A

A bacteriocidal (kills bacteria) enzyme in tears.

68
Q

Extrinsic muscles of the eye

A

Muscles that attach to the bones of the eye orbit and sclera- There are six muscles located outside the eyeball.

69
Q

Intrinsic muscles of the eye

A

Muscles inside the eyeball.

70
Q

Nerves of the eye

A

1) Optic nerve (CN II)- carries impulses from the retina to the brain, involved in vision
2) Oculomotor nerve (CN III)- Pupillary reflex, focusing lens, movement of the upper eyelid and supply four of the extrinsic muscles of the eye
3) Trochlear nerve (CN IV)- Supply the superior oblique muscle
4) Trigeminal nerve (CN V)- Sensory fibers from the eyes, tear glands, and upper eyelids
5) Abducens (CN VI)- Supply the lateral rectus muscle

71
Q

2 Functions of the Ear

A

1) Hearing 2) Maintaining equilibrium

72
Q

Function of external ear

A

To pick up sound waves

73
Q

Function of Middle ear

A

To amplify sound waves

74
Q

Function of Inner Ear

A

To convert sound waves into nerve impulses that can be interrupted by the brain and maintain equilibrium.

75
Q

Vestibulocochlear Nerve (CN VIII)

A

Also known as the acoustic and/or auditory nerve. Serves the vestiblule of the ear and the semicircular canals carrying impulses for equilibrium.

76
Q

Taste buds

A

Located on the tongue are the receptors for taste. Different types are for sweet, sour, salty, bitter and umami.

77
Q

The two nerves for Gustation

A

Facial nerve (CN VII) and Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

Human Body in Health and Disease and Basic Anatomy (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions