LRTS

Question 1

What is a common organism infection in tracheitis?

Answer 1

S. aureus

Question 2

What is a common organism infection in chronic bronchitis

Answer 2

M. catarrhalis
S. pneumonaiae
H. Influenza

Question 3

Define Bronchitis

Answer 3

inflammation of walls of bronchi and bronchioles causing narrowing

Question 4

Define Bronchiectasis

Answer 4

Widening of the bronchi and bronchioles

Excessive mucous production that narrows the bronchial tree

Question 5

Who does acute bronchitis occur in?

Answer 5

All ages

Question 6

Who does chronic bronchitis occur in?

Answer 6

Adults

Question 7

Who does bronchiolitis occur in?

Answer 7

Infants

Question 8

What is the most common microbial cause for acute bronchiolitis?

Answer 8

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

Question 9

Who would we consider Ribavirin treatment in for acute bronchiolitis?

Answer 9

Patients with:

1. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
2. Congenital heart dz
3. Premature
4. Immunodeficiency

Question 10

Who would we consider prophylaxis against RSV in?

Answer 10

Patients with underlying pulmonary or CV disease

Question 11

Prophylaxis treatment

Answer 11

1. RSV immune globulin

2. Palivizumab-Preferred

Question 12

How do we administer Palivizumab?

Answer 12

IM or IV infusion monthly

Question 13

Palivizumab ADEs

Answer 13

1. Fever
2. Rash
3. Antibody formation
4. Rare anaphylaxis
5. Thrombocytopenia

Question 14

What are the most common causes of acute bronchitis?

Answer 14

LRI pathogens:

1. Influenza virus
2. Adenovirus

Question 15

What pathogens do we see in children?

Answer 15

Adults viruses + Parainfluenza virus

Question 16

What is a frequent bacterial cause of acute bronchitis?

Answer 16

Mycoplasma pneumoniae-“Walking pneumonia”

Question 17

Abx treatment for acute bronchitis

Answer 17

1. Azithromycin

2. Respiratory Fluoroquinolone

Question 18

What is the hallmark definition of chronic bronchitis?

Answer 18

1. Cough for 3 mos. for 2. years
2. Excessive sputum production
3. Expectoration w/ persistent presence of microorganisms in pt’s sputum

Question 19

Chronic bronchitis treatment

Answer 19

1. Mobilize and enhance sputum expectoration-Chest physiotherapy, humidification of inspired air
2. Oxygen
3. Aerosolized bronchodilator- Albuterol
4. Abx if warranted

Question 20

What are the most common bacterial pathogens in sputum in chronic bronchitis?

Answer 20

1. H. ifluenza
2. M. catarrhalis
3. S. pneumoniae

Question 21

Abx treatment for chronic bronchitis

Answer 21

1. Doxycycline
2. Amoxicillin
3. TMP/SMZ

Question 22

What is the MC pathogen causing CAP?

Answer 22

S. pneumoniae

Question 23

What organism is only seen in <1 month?

Answer 23

Listeria

Question 24

List first generation cephalosporin and clinical use

Answer 24

Cephalexin

Skin, soft tissue, UTI

Question 25

List second generation cephalosporin and clinical use

Answer 25

Cefotetan, Cefoxtin | More active vs. S.pneumoniae, H.influenza

Question 26

List third generation cephalosporin and clinical use

Answer 26

``` Ceftriaxone, Cefixime Crosses intro CNS: -Pneumonia -Meiningitis -Gonorrhea -Beta-lactamase stable ```

Question 27

List fourth generation cephalosporin and clinical use

Answer 27

Cefipime | Pseudomonas coverage

Question 28

List fifth generation cephalosporin and clinical use

Answer 28

Ceftaroline | CAP, skin

Question 29

Carbapenems (Beta-Lactam) SE's

Answer 29

CNS effects: - Confusion - Seizures

Question 30

Carbapenems (Beta-Lactam) coverage

Answer 30

- Broad spectrum - Grame (-) rods - Pseudomonas