Flashcards in LRTS Deck (30)
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1
What is a common organism infection in tracheitis?
S. aureus
2
What is a common organism infection in chronic bronchitis
M. catarrhalis
S. pneumonaiae
H. Influenza
3
Define Bronchitis
inflammation of walls of bronchi and bronchioles causing narrowing
4
Define Bronchiectasis
Widening of the bronchi and bronchioles
Excessive mucous production that narrows the bronchial tree
5
Who does acute bronchitis occur in?
All ages
6
Who does chronic bronchitis occur in?
Adults
7
Who does bronchiolitis occur in?
Infants
8
What is the most common microbial cause for acute bronchiolitis?
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
9
Who would we consider Ribavirin treatment in for acute bronchiolitis?
Patients with:
1. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
2. Congenital heart dz
3. Premature
4. Immunodeficiency
10
Who would we consider prophylaxis against RSV in?
Patients with underlying pulmonary or CV disease
11
Prophylaxis treatment
1. RSV immune globulin
2. Palivizumab-Preferred
12
How do we administer Palivizumab?
IM or IV infusion monthly
13
Palivizumab ADEs
1. Fever
2. Rash
3. Antibody formation
4. Rare anaphylaxis
5. Thrombocytopenia
14
What are the most common causes of acute bronchitis?
LRI pathogens:
1. Influenza virus
2. Adenovirus
15
What pathogens do we see in children?
Adults viruses + Parainfluenza virus
16
What is a frequent bacterial cause of acute bronchitis?
Mycoplasma pneumoniae-"Walking pneumonia"
17
Abx treatment for acute bronchitis
1. Azithromycin
2. Respiratory Fluoroquinolone
18
What is the hallmark definition of chronic bronchitis?
1. Cough for 3 mos. for 2. years
2. Excessive sputum production
3. Expectoration w/ persistent presence of microorganisms in pt's sputum
19
Chronic bronchitis treatment
1. Mobilize and enhance sputum expectoration-Chest physiotherapy, humidification of inspired air
2. Oxygen
3. Aerosolized bronchodilator- Albuterol
4. Abx if warranted
20
What are the most common bacterial pathogens in sputum in chronic bronchitis?
1. H. ifluenza
2. M. catarrhalis
3. S. pneumoniae
21
Abx treatment for chronic bronchitis
1. Doxycycline
2. Amoxicillin
3. TMP/SMZ
22
What is the MC pathogen causing CAP?
S. pneumoniae
23
What organism is only seen in <1 month?
Listeria
24
List first generation cephalosporin and clinical use
Cephalexin
Skin, soft tissue, UTI
25
List second generation cephalosporin and clinical use
Cefotetan, Cefoxtin
More active vs. S.pneumoniae, H.influenza
26
List third generation cephalosporin and clinical use
Ceftriaxone, Cefixime
Crosses intro CNS:
-Pneumonia
-Meiningitis
-Gonorrhea
-Beta-lactamase stable
27
List fourth generation cephalosporin and clinical use
Cefipime
Pseudomonas coverage
28
List fifth generation cephalosporin and clinical use
Ceftaroline
CAP, skin
29
Carbapenems (Beta-Lactam) SE's
CNS effects:
-Confusion
-Seizures
30
