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Histo 166 > LT 2 Lecture 11 > Flashcards

LT 2 Lecture 11 Flashcards

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1
Q

Who was tasked to prepare the Philippine Commonwealth’s military? (2)

A

Gen. Douglas MacArthur & Lt. Gen Dwight Eisenhower

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2
Q

What did quezon create as the war drew near?

A

Civilian Emergency Administration (CEA)

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3
Q

The phillipine commonwealth held its _______ despite threats of war.

A

second election

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4
Q

Who won the second commonwealth election?

A

Quezon and osmena

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5
Q

During which event did quezon lead the government in a pledge of loyalto to the US?

A

6th Commonwealth anniversary

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6
Q

What was proclaimed by Roosevelt and Churchill?

A

Atlantic charter

-british-american statement of anti-axis (totalitarian) war claims

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7
Q

Why did American Sec of State Cordel Hill & Japanese diplomats meet in Washington?

A

to avert war with Japanese

-no avail

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8
Q

What was the first place in the philippines to be bombed by the Japanese?

A

Davao City

6:30 am Dec 8, 1941

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9
Q

What other areas were raided on the same day as the first bombing?

A 
tuguegarao
baguio
iba
tarlac
clark field
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10
Q

Before sunrise on December 9, what was bombed??

A

Manila, esp Nichols Field

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11
Q

Where did the Japanese have their first successful landing?

A

Aparri and Vigan

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12
Q

Under whose command were the Japanese forces during the invasion?

A

Lt Gen Masahari Homma

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13
Q

During the Christmas bombings, what failed because they could not get resistance?

A

United states armed forces of far east (USAFFE)

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14
Q

What and under whom were called to JAVA some time earlier the christmas bombings?

A

US navy under Gen C. Hart

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15
Q

Which US airforce was caught unaware and completely wiped out?

A

Clark Airfield

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16
Q

How many times did the Japanese bomb Manila on Dec 24? Dec 25?

A

once 24 and twice 25

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17
Q

When did the Japanese attack Pearl Harbor?

A

Dec 7, 1941

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18
Q

Who were the 2 fighter heroes that won at the Batangas field on December 12, 1941?

A

Col. Jesus Villamor and Lt. Fernando Basa (died)

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19
Q

Which order of MacArthur provided for the retreat of USAFFE to Bataan?

A

War Plan Orange No.3 (WPO-3)

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20
Q

In order to spare casualities and heavy destruction in Manila, what did Gen Douglas MacArthur declare on Dec 26, 1941?

A

Open City

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21
Q

Where did Pres Quezon and his war cabinet move to on Dec 24?

A

Corregidor

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22
Q

When Pres Quezon fled, who did he leave behind?

A

Sec. Jorge Vargas

Justice JP Laurel

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23
Q

Quezon instructs his officials to cooperate with the Japanese and to swear allegiance to them. T of F?

A

False

“Do not pledge allegiance to the Japanese”

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24
Q

When and where was Pres Quezon sworn in as 2nd pres of commonwealth? By whom?

A

Dec 17 at Marikina safehouse.

by JP Laurel

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25
Where was the inaugural ceremony of the Commonwealth held on Dec 30, 1941?
Corregidor Tunnel (Malinta Tunnel)
26
Who swore in the new members of Congress in Manila?
Speaker Jose Yulo | Justice Jose Melencio
27
Since MacArthur was able to hold off Japanese troops, they weren't able to converge on Manila. True or False
False. | The Japs converged on manila from the north and south
28
Who was the Mayor of manila who sought to bring a peaceful take over by placing signs "Open City! No shooting!"?
Jorge Vargas
29
What did the Japanese proclaim on Jan 3, 1942 together with the announcement of the disappearance of americans?
Martial Law
30
Who was the Japanese commander in chief who announced _____ acts punishable by death under martial law?
Gen. Homma | 17
31
What was the central administrative body that was formed on Jan 23, 1942 with Jorge Vargas as chairman and benigno aquino as interior?
Philippine Executive Commission
32
What did the Japanese set up in order to advise the admin of the Japanese conquered territories for the "benefit of the Filipinos"?
Council of state
33
The council of the state was composed of how many people?
35
34
Who were the notable people comprising the council of the state?
aguinaldo artemio ricarte eulogio rodriguez
35
What was the physical warfare that was involved in the battle in bataan?
Jungle/ mountain warfare (guerilla style)
36
What was the Psychological warfare that was involved in the batte in bataan?
Japanese propaganda
37
What event made MacArthur ask roosevelt to remove Quezon from the Philippines?
ultimate fall of the USAFFE
38
Why did MacArthur want Quezon out of the Philipipnes?
it would not be prudent for the philipine leader to be captured by the Japanese
39
What was the route that Quezon and his take to get out of the phil?
Corregidor-submarine to Panay- Mindanao- plane to Australia- US
40
Who was the High Commissioner who also fled via a US submarine?
Francis Sayre
41
Why was Mac Arthur ordered to go to Australia?
Roosevelet saw the hopeless situation of the USAFFE and ordered MacArthur to take command of a newly formed Southwest Pacific Area Command.
42
Who became the commander of the USAFFE and in charge of the United States Forces in the Philippines (USIP)?
Lt. Gen Jonathan Wainwright
43
Who finally surrendered Bataan?
Gen. Edward King
44
How was the fall of Bataan annonced?
over the Voice of America
45
What occurred after the Fall of Bataan?
Death March of 70,000 American and 66,000 Filipino soldiers
46
Where were the soldiers tasked to march from and to?
Mariveles, Bataan to Comp O'Donnel in Capas, Tarlac (5days)
47
Where was the last stand of the United states forces in the philippines (USIP)?
Corregidor under the command of Wainwright
48
After the surrender of corregidor, what was Gen. Wainwright made to do?
taken to Manila and forced to read the unconditional surrender of all US-Filipino troops in the Philippines to the Japanese
49
The unconditional surrender was broadcasted where?
Radio KZRH at Heacock Bldg on Escolta St
50
Did the commonwealth government in exile continue to operate?
yes, in the US
51
The Philippine Commonwealth became a member of which allied countries at war?
Axis Powers
52
What were the 2 Joint Resolutions enacted by the US Congress?
1. full independece of Philippines after expulsion of Japanese 2. create US rehab Commssion with 9 US and 9 Filipinos to study postwar economy & formulate trade policies with the US
53
Quezon's presidency was extended until how many terms until the restoration of his presidency?
3rd term
54
Which Japanese announced that the Philippines would be granted "honor of independence"?
Premier Gen. Hideki Tojo
55
Philippine independence would be granted by the Japanese given that they cooperate with what?
"greater east asia co-prosperity spehere"
56
Whom did the japanese order to draft the constitution?
JP Laurel
57
Why did the Japanese devise slogans, teach Nipongo, and culture?
to make the Filipinos loyal to them
58
What were the Japanese's devised slogans?
Asia for Asians Philippines for Filipino Asia is one
59
What was the chief organ of the Japanese Propaganda?
KALIBAPI Kapisanan sa Paglilingkod sa Bagong Pilipinas Society for Serivce of the New Philippines
60
What were the Japanese's intentions in using the Kalibapi?
to gain Filipino's trust and cooperation
61
Who organized the Kalibapi to become a political party?
JP Laurel
62
The Japanese sponsored republic called for what kind of National assembly?
Unicameral
63
Who was the SPEAKER and the PRESIDENT of the Japanese sponsored republic/ second republic?
benigno aquino | JP Laurel
64
Who (2) unfurled the flag during the inauguration of Japanese sponsored republic?
Emilio aguinaldo | artemio ricarte
65
What hampered the popularity of the Second Republic?
persisting dire economic and social conditions of the country
66
What was proof that the Japanese occupation was not received well?
guerilla organizations, which were supported by the americans
67
What did the Japanese form to counter the anti-japanese sentiments in provincial areas?
MAKAPILI (makabayan pilipino) or League of Nationalistic Filipinos
68
Who were Filipino ranking members of Makapili?
``` Benigno Ramos (Sakdals and Ganaps) Artemio Ricarte ```
69
What was the major victory for the americans?
battle of leyte gulf
70
At the defeat at the battle of leyte gulft, what did the japanese do?
mobilized MAKAPILI
71
When the Americans entered manila from the north, what did the filipinos flash?
V sign-- Victory Joe
72
Why did the Japanese troops plunge Paco, Ermita, and Intramuros into orgy of rape, destruction, and rampage killing?
they were desperate as the US forces narrowed in on manila from the north and south
73
When did the Battle of Manila finally end?
Feb 23 1945
74
What event started the liberation of the Philippines?
MacArthur landed on Mariveles and bombed Japanese stronghold-- Corregidor
75
What was the last japanese stronghold?
Northern Luzon (Bessang Pass)
76
How long did the Battle of Bessang Pass last?
5 months
77
The Japanese imperial forces at the battle of bessang pass werer under the command of?
Lt. Gen Tomoyuki Yamashita/ | The Tiger of Malaya
78
Whose heroic american efforts defeated japan?
US Sixth army under col.Russell Volckman | and Fil-Am guerillas
79
Who and when was Philippine liberation announced?
July 4, 1945
80
What event marked the end of the second world war?
dropping of atomic bombs over Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Histo 166 (3 decks)

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