LU4 pt. 1 Flashcards
(35 cards)
What is cloud computing?
It is a model of computing in which computer processing, storage, and the other services are provided as a shared pool of virtualised resources over a network, primarily the internet.
Can be accessed on any connected device and location.
Cloud computing characteristics:
A. On-demand self-service: customers can obtain computing capabilities on their own.
B. Ubiquitous network access: cloud resources can be accessed using standard network and internet devices, including mobile platforms.
C. Location-independent resources pooling: computing resources are pooled to serve multiple users, with different virtual resources dynamically assigned according to user demand. User does not know where the computing resources
are located.
D. Rapid elasticity: computing resources can be rapidly provisioned, increased or decreased to meet changing user demand.
E. Measured service: changes for cloud resources are based on amount of resources
actually used.
The three services of cloud computing:
- Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)
- Software as a service (Saas)
- Platform as a service (PaaS)
What is infrastructure as a service (IaaS)?
Customers using processing, storage, networking and other computing resources from cloud service providers to run their information systems.
What is Software as a service (SaaS)?
Customers using software hosted by the vendor on the vendor’s cloud infrastructure and delivered as a service over a network.
Leading software as a service: Google Apps which provides common business
applications online & Salesforce.com. Users access these applications from a web browser and the data and software are maintained on the providers’ remote
servers.
What is Platform as a service (PaaS)?
Customers using infrastructure and programming tools supported by the cloud service provider to develop their own applications.
Three cloud types:
- Public
- Private
- Hybrid
What is on-premise computing?
You being completely in charge of the operation.
What are the 7 major components of IT infrastructures?
- Computer Hardware Platforms
- Operating Systems Platforms
- Enterprise Software Applications
- Networking / Telecommunications
- Consultants and System Integrators
- Data Management and Storage
- Internet Platforms
Define Computer Hardware Platforms:
All the devices constitute the computer hardware platform for corporate and
personal computing worldwide (PCs, tablets, phones, main frames)
- Number of providers has dwindled to one: IBM; IBM has also repurposed its
mainframe systems so they can be used as giant servers for enterprise networks
and corporate websites.
- Hardware= everything you can touch, see, hold.
Define Operating System Platforms:
- 81% of PCs use some form of the Microsoft Windows operating system (Windows
7,8 or 10) t manage the resources and activities of the computer. - Examples: Android, IOS, Chrome OS, Mac OS
Corporate servers level: Windows Servers, Unix, Linux
Client level: Windows, Google Chrome,
Android, iOS, Ubuntu
Define Enterprise Software Applications:
- The largest providers of enterprise application software are SAP and Oracle.
- Systems that can coordinate activities, decisions, and knowledge across different
functions, levels and business units in a firm.
- Include: I. Enterprise systems (ERP) II. Automated billing systems III. Supply chain management systems (SCM) IV. Customer relationship management systems (CRM): sales and marketing department V. Knowledge management systems (KMS) VI. Business Intelligence
Define Data Management and Storage:
- Enterprise database management software is responsible for organising and managing the firm’s data so that they can be efficiently accessed and used.
- Leading database software providers are: IBM, Oracle, etc.
Define Networking/Telecommunications Platform:
Telecommunications platforms are typically provided by telecommunications/
telephone services companies that offer voice and data connectivity, wide area
networking, wireless services and internet access.
Define Internet Platforms:
- Internet platforms include hardware, software and management services to
support a firm’s website, including web hosting services, routers and cabling or wireless equipment. - You can build your own website (the hardware, software and service).
- Web hosting service maintains a large web service, series of servers, and provides fee-paying subscribers with space to maintain their websites.
- There has been a steady push to reduce the number of server computers by
increasing the size and power each and by using software tools that make it
possible to run more applications on a single server. - Major software application development tools are supplied by Microsoft, Oracle-Sun, and also Adobe plus including others.
Define Consulting and System Integration Services:
- Implementing a new infrastructure requires significant changes in business processes and procedures, training and education, and software integration.
- Software integration means ensuring the new infrastructure works with the firm’s older, so-called legacy systems and ensuring the new elements of the
infrastructure work with one another. - Legacy Systems = older transitions processing systems created for mainframe computers that continue to be used to avoid the high cost of replacing or
redesigning them.
What does Bluetooth do?
It helps to create small personal are networks (PANs). It links up to 8 devices within a 10 meter area using low-power, radio-based communication and can transmit up to 722 Kpbs in the 2.4 GHz band.
How does Wi-Fi and Wireless Internet Access work?
It uses 802.11 set of standards for wireless LANs and wireless Internet acces is also known as Wi-Fi. In most Wi-Fi communication, wireless devices communicate with a wired LAN using access points (radio receiver/transmitter and antennas linking to a wired network, router or hub).
What are Hotspots?
Locations with one or more access points providing wireless Internet Access and are often in public spaces.
Challenges of Wi-Fi:
The security features make the wireless networks vulnerable to intruders.
Susceptibility to interference from nearby systems operating in the same spectrum, such as wireless phones, microwave ovens or other wireless LANs.
What is WiMax (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access)?
It is a 4G network technology and has a wireless range of up to 31 miles and transmissions
speed of up to 75 Mpbs.
What is RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)?
Systems providing a powerful technology for tracking the movement of goods throughout the supply chain.
- They use tiny tags with embedded microchips containing data about an item and its location to transmit radio signals over a short distance to RFID readers.
- It is electronically programmed with information that can uniquely identify an
item plus other information about the item such as its location, where it
was made or its status during production. - In addition to installing RFID readers and tagging systems, companies may need to upgrade their hardware software to process the massive amounts of data
produced by RFID transactions that could add up to tens or hundreds or
petabytes.
What is NFC (Near Field Communication)?
It is a short-range wireless connectivity standard that uses electromagnetic radio
fields to enable two compatible devices to exchange data when brought within few
centimetres of each other (Apple Pay).
What is WSN (Wireless Sensor Networks)?
Interconnected wireless networks which are embedded in the physical environment to prove measurements of many points of larger spaces.
