Lumbar

Question 1

Sicard’s

- (+) test?

Answer 1

dorsiflex big toe if passive SLR (+) when leg is below point of pain
(+) duplication or increase of radicular leg pain

Question 2

Bragard’s

Answer 2

dorsiflex foot if passive SLR (+) when leg is below point of pain
(+) duplication or increase of radicular leg pain

Question 3

Kemp’s

Answer 3

trunk extension, ips. lateral flexion, isp. rotation

(+) low back pain w or wo radiation down leg

Question 4

if pain radiates, think…

Answer 4

nerve root compression

Question 5

Bechterew’s

Answer 5

seated straight leg raise (one leg at a time)
- pt straightens leg and doc lifts leg further
(+) radicular sxs down post thigh past knee -> L4/5, S1 radiculopathy

Question 6

motor testing of L1, L2

Answer 6

iliopsoas

- hip flexion

Question 7

motor testing of L3

Answer 7

quads

- knee extension

Question 8

motor testing of L4

Answer 8

tibialis anterior

- ankle dorsiflexion/heel-walking

Question 9

motor testing of L5

Answer 9

fibularis longus, brevis
- ankle eversion
extensor hallucis longus
- big toe extension

Question 10

motor testing of S1

Answer 10

gastrocnemius/soleus
- tippy-toe
flexor hallicus longus
- big toe flexion

Question 11

reflex testing of L4

Answer 11

at patella

Question 12

reflex testing of L5

Answer 12

at hamstrings

Question 13

reflex testing of S1

Answer 13

achilles