Lung Diseases

Question 1

Respiration

Answer 1

The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs

Question 2

Ventilation

Answer 2

The movement of a volume of gas into and out of the lungs

Question 3

Atelectasis

Answer 3

Collapse of lung tissue with loss of lung volume

Question 4

Causes of Atelectasis

Answer 4

Trauma, pleural effusion, pneumonia, pneumothorax, tumor, mucus plug, COPD, CF

Question 5

COPD

Answer 5

A group of diseases that all create chronic inflammation of airways

Question 6

Cystic Fibrosis

Answer 6

Hereditary disease of lung exocrine cells that create excessive mucus

Question 7

Asthma

Answer 7

Intermittent inflammation and narrowing of the airway

Question 8

Pneumothroax

Answer 8

A total collapse of the lung

Question 9

Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Answer 9

Syndrome most common to premature infants with underdeveloped lungs lacking adequate amounts of lung surfactant.

Question 10

ARDS

Answer 10

Widespread, acute inflammation of the lungs commonly due to fluid accumulation in the air sacs

Question 11

Emphysema

Answer 11

Damaged alveolar sacs that remain overinflated with difficulty exhaling

Question 12

Antitussives

Answer 12

Cough suppressants that function to inhibit pathway responsible for cough

Question 13

Dextromethorphan

Answer 13

OTC Antitussive

Question 14

Decongestant

Answer 14

Function to reduce swelling, inflammation and mucus production within the sinuses.

Question 15

Pseudoephedrine

Answer 15

OTC Decongestant. Sudafed,

Question 16

Sedating Antihistamines

Answer 16

Prevents histamine production by competitively binding to histamine receptors

Question 17

Diphenhydramine

Answer 17

Sedating antihistamine. Benadryl.

Question 18

Non-Sedating Antihistamines

Answer 18

Antagonizes/inhibits the production of histamine by H-1 receptors.

Question 19

Loratadine

Answer 19

Non-sedating antihistamine. Claratin.

Question 20

Expectorant

Answer 20

Designed to increase airway hydration to help expel mucus

Question 21

Guaifenesin

Answer 21

OTC Expectorant. Mucinex.

Question 22

Mucolytic

Answer 22

Function to help thin mucus and make it easier to expel

Question 23

Acetylcysteine

Answer 23

Helps clear mucus in pts w/ COPD, CF, Pneumonia and Asthma

Question 24

Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases

Answer 24

Specifically refer to lung diseases related to difficulty expelling air. CF, COPD, Asthma, Bronchitis.

Question 25

Restrictive Pulmonary Diseases

Answer 25

Specifically refer to lung diseases related to difficulty inhaling air.

Question 26

Xanthines

Answer 26

Functions to increase bronchiole size by relaxing smooth muscle tissue to prevent airway restriction or bronchospam

Question 27

Aminophylline

Answer 27

Bronchodilator used to treat obstructive pulmonary disorders.

Question 28

Sympathomimetics

Answer 28

Drugs that directly stimulate adrenergic and dopaminergic receptors

Question 29

Sympathomimetics Respiratory Drugs

Answer 29

Albuterol (B1,2)

Question 30

Albuterol

Answer 30

Bronchodilator. Proventil.

Question 31

Anticholinergics

Answer 31

Compete w/ ACh airway vasoconstriction.

Question 32

Ipratropium

Answer 32

Apraxa

Question 33

Corticosteroids (Oral or Inhaled)

Answer 33

Used to reduce airway inflammation using smaller doses.

Question 34

Prednisone

Answer 34

Oral steroid used to treat airway inflammation

Question 35

Flunisolide

Answer 35

Inhaled steroid used to treat airway inflammation. | Budesonide (Symbicort)

Question 36

Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists

Answer 36

Reduce amount of leukotriene inflammatory cells that cause bronchoconstriction

Question 37

Monteklast

Answer 37

Singulair. Treat asthma / prevent bronchoconstriction

Question 38

Lung Surfactants

Answer 38

Used to treat RDS in infants.