Lungs via Dissection Flashcards
(14 cards)
What is the general structure of the mammalian lungs?
Two spongy, bag-like organs with several lobes, composed of branching bronchioles connected to bronchi and a common trachea.
What is the function of the trachea?
It serves as the main airway, transporting air from the external environment to the bronchi.
What tissue types are found in the trachea and bronchi?
Cartilage (incomplete rings), muscle, and connective tissue.
How can you differentiate between pulmonary arteries and veins during dissection?
Arteries are upper and lateral with thick walls; veins are near the midline with thinner walls.
What change occurs in lung tissue upon inflation?
The tissue expands, becomes firmer, and may change color and texture.
What should be noted about the number of lung lobes?
Each lung has a different number of lobes arranged with a main lobe at the base and smaller ones toward the apex., right has more lobes ( sheep 4:2, human 3:2)
What does the bifurcation of the trachea lead to?
the division into left and right bronchi.
What do the incomplete cartilage rings in the trachea do?
They provide structural support while allowing flexibility and expansion.
How do you locate the pulmonary artery during dissection?
It is an upper, lateral vessel with thick walls.
What is the function of the alveoli in the lungs?
the alveoli are tiny air sacs where gas exchange occurs, allowing oxygen to enter the blood and carbon dioxide to be expelled from the bloodstream.
What is the role of the diaphragm in breathing?
The diaphragm is a muscle that contracts and flattens to create space for the lungs to expand during inhalation, and relaxes to help push air out of the lungs during exhalation.
What is the role of the larynx in the respiratory system?
The larynx, also known as the voice box, is responsible for producing sound (speech) and protecting the trachea against food aspiration by closing during swallowing.
What are bronchi and what is their function?
he bronchi are the large airways that branch from the trachea and direct air into each lung. They further divide into smaller bronchioles that carry air to the alveoli.
What is the pleura and what is its function?
he pleura is a double-layered membrane surrounding the lungs. The outer layer is attached to the chest wall, while the inner layer is attached to the lungs. It secretes pleural fluid, which reduces friction during breathing.
