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The Lymphatic and Immune System > Lymphatic System > Flashcards

Lymphatic System Flashcards

1
Q

How would you describe the Lymphatic system?

A

It is a network of tissues and organs that help rid the body of toxins, waste and other unwanted materials.

Note : It is the body drainage system.

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2
Q

What is the primary function of the Lymphatic System?

A

To transport lymph, a fluid containing infection-fighting WBCs throughout the body.

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3
Q

How important is the lymphatic system?

A

It helps maintain homeostasis(fluid balance) by draining excess interstitial fluid as well as providing the mechanisms for defense against disease and infection.

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4
Q

What is tissue fluid?

A

A fluid also known as interstitial fluid that fills the spaces between individual cells that is in osmotic contact with the blood and lymph.

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5
Q

What is the purpose of tissue fluid?

A

It is responsible for interstitial transport of nutrients and wastes.

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6
Q

What are the structures of the Lymphatic System?

A
  • Lymphatic drainage vessels
  • Lymph nodes and other lymphatic tissue
  • Spleen
  • Thymus gland
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7
Q

The ___________ is considered as the second circulating system of the human body.

A

lymphatic system

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8
Q

The lymphatic tissue can also be referred as ____________.

A

lymphoid tissue

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9
Q

The lymphoid tissue performs ______________.

A

immunological functions

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10
Q

What is lymph?

A

It is tissue fluid that enters lymph capillaries.

It is a clear fluid.

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11
Q

What are the functions of the lymphatic system?

A

Drainage of excess interstitial fluid(From tissue spaces to the bloodstream).

For transport of dietary lipids.

Carries out immune responses.

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12
Q

What are the primary lymphatic organs?

A
  • Red bone marrow

- Thymus glands

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13
Q

What is the purpose of the Red Bone Marrow in regards to lymphatic system?

A

The RBM produces stem cells that give rise to Mature B cells and to pre-T cells.

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14
Q

__________ migrate from the RBM to the thymus and mature there to become _________.

A

Pre-T cells ; T-cells

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15
Q

What are the secondary lymphatic organs?

A
  • Lymph nodes
  • Spleen
  • Lymphatic tissue
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16
Q

Interstitial fluid is a _________ of blood plasma.

A

filtrate

17
Q

What is the benefit of having fewer efferent than afferent lymphatics in lymph nodes?

A

Having fewer efferents causes lymph to accumulate in lymph nodes, allowing more time for its cleaning.

18
Q

Describe the structure of lymphatic vessels?

A

Thin-walled valved structures that carry lymph.

19
Q

The lymph vessels consists of which layers?

A
  • Endothelial cells(inner)
  • Thin layer of smooth muscle(middle)
  • Adventitia(outer)
20
Q

How is lymph flow maintained in the body?

A

Lymph flow is maintained by lymphokinetic actions of breathing and skeletal muscle movement.

Note: The lymphatic system is not a closed system like the circulatory system.

21
Q

What is the importance of valves in lymphatic vessels?

A

They ensure the one-way movement of lymph that is they prevent back flow of lymph.

22
Q

How is the movement of lymph inside a lymphangion?

A

When the pressure inside a lymphangion becomes high enough, lymph fluid will push through the semi-lunar valve into the next lymphangion, while the valve then closes.

23
Q

Describe the lymph capillaries?

A

Single layer of overlapping endothelial cells.

Blind end.

Permeable to all interstitial fluid constituents including proteins and cell debris.

24
Q

Lymph capillaries are absent in:

A

Brain, Spinal cord, Splenic pulp and bone marrow.

25
Q

Where are lymph capillaries located?

A

They are located in tissue spaces next to blood capillaries.

26
Q

The human circulatory system processes how much litres of blood per day?

A

An average of 20 L of blood per day through capillary filtration, which removes plasma from the blood.

27
Q

How much of the filtered plasma is reabsorbed directly into the blood vessels?

A

Roughly 17 litres.

28
Q

After capillary filtration of blood, how much of the filtered plasma remains in the interstitial fluid?

A

3 litres

29
Q

One of the main function of the lymphatic system is to provide an _______________ to the blood for the surplus ____ of excess interstitial fluid.

A

accessory return; 3 litres

30
Q

Lymph before it passes through lymph nodes constitutes of what?

A
  • Waste products
  • Cellular debris
  • Bacteria
  • Proteins.
31
Q

What are lacteals and its function?

A

They are specialized lymph capillaries in the villi of the small intestine.

They absorb the fat-soluble end products of digestion such as fatty acids and vitamins A, D, E and K.

32
Q

How does Edema(swelling) occurs?

A

Due to the build up of fluids in tissue.

33
Q

What are the factors that can increase lymph flow?

A
  • Physical activity
  • Postural changes
  • Massage
  • Arterial pulsations

The Lymphatic and Immune System (3 decks)

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