LYMPHATIC SYSTEM AND IMMUNITY Flashcards
(33 cards)
tExtracellular fluid is….
a clear fluid that surrounds the cells, it contains substances from plasma, water and WBC
INtersitial fluid is
Fluid found in the tissue between spaces of the body
Lymph is
Lymph is a fluid derived from extracellularfluid. lymph circulates the body through lymphatic vessels and it transports substances.
Lymph transports:
WBCs and fat molecules
functions of the lymphatic system
- Aids in circulation of antibodies
- to evacuate waste products from cells
- transport lymph
- collects surplus interstitial fluid and return it to the circulatory system
- transpor certain WBC’s and fat molecu;es
WHat are lymph nodes?
Lymph nodes are small bumps. there located in various locations. They contain a high concentration of WBC’s.
Why do lymph nodes get swolen when ur sick?
Overproduction of WBCs to fight off sickeness
Explain the thymus gland
It’s a gland that has an importnat role in T-cell (type of WBC) developement, it’s only active until the end of puberty
Bone marrow
It’s found inside of long bones
Spleen
It’s located left of the stomach and filters blood and stores blood cells
tonsils
located at the sides of the pharynx and is similar to lymph nodes
explain diapedesis
the process wherby WBCs exit the capillaries by squeezing through pores in the capillary membrane
now explain phagocytosis
It’s the process wehrby WBCs engulf and destroy various microogranisms (bacteria and virus) or other foreign material
antibody?
It’s a protein secreted by WBCs to protect the body from a foreign substance, each antibody have an UNIQUE target
antigen?
A foreign substance introduced to the body that trigger the WBC’s to prodice the appropriate antibody
Secretion of antibodies. explain how it attacks
They bind to the ciruses or bacteria (neutrailziation) and it causes agglutination or preciptation, it can chage the shape of an invading cell which will result in the destruction of the cell
explain lasting immunnity
WBC’s have a memory of antibodies that have been previosuly manufactured and can quickly produce the antibodies if the antigen is exposed to the body again
Artificial vs. natural
Artificial- vaccine: attentuated or weakened virus or bacteria, so it won’t get you sick. It still stimulates the production of antibodies
Natural- you contract the disease
Specificvs.nonspecific immunity
Non specific is the body’s ability to protect itself against a wide range of antigens (phagocytosis)
Specific: it’s the body’s ability to protect itself by producing an antibody to fight off a specific antigen
Alec’s legs were paralyzed after a serious car accident. He is unable to move his legs at all. What effect could this paralysis have on his lymphatic system? Explain.
Lymph moves throughout the body through muscular contractions. Since he can’t move his legs anymore the lymph isn’t circulating properly. therefore, the lymph might buildup, more infections and swelling will occur
Which of the following are considered to provide a specific defense (targets a specific pathogen)?
B & T cells (lymphocytes)
provide 2 examples of non-specific immunity mechanisms
- nose hair and mucus
- Skin (first line of defense)
- Phagocytosis
What’s the connection between extracellular fluid, lymph and blood plasma?
Blood plasma leaks out of capillaries due to pressure → this becomes interstitial fluid (a type of extracellular fluid).
That extracellular fluid (specifically interstitial fluid ) surrounds your cells and helps with nutrient and waste exchange.
Most of it is reabsorbed into the capillaries to form plasma again
The excess extracellular fluid — the part that doesn’t get reabsorbed — enters lymphatic capillaries.
Once it enters those vessels, it’s now called lymph.
I filter lymph to remove harmful elements like bacteria and ciruses
Lymphatic organs
