M: RELIGION

Question 1

Who was arrested in September 1553?

Answer 1

Archbishop Cranmer.

Question 2

Who else (besides Cranmer) was arrested in September 1553?

Answer 2

Hugh Latimer, John Hooper, Nicholas Ridley and John Rogers among others.

Question 3

What did Parliament refuse to repeal in late 1553?

Answer 3

The Act of Supremacy.

Question 4

What act was passed in the Autumn of 1553?

Answer 4

An Act of Repeal which undid all of the Edwardian Reformation.

Question 5

What did Mary give up in December 1553?

Answer 5

The title of Supreme Head of the Church.

Question 6

What did many protestants do in early 1554? How many?

Answer 6

Mass exodus of Protestants to Germany and Switzerland.

Estimated at around 800.

Question 7

What did the Royal Injunctions of March 1554 do?

Answer 7

Ordered bishops to suppress heresy, removed married clergy and restored holy days, processions and ceremonies.

Question 8

What happened with the heresy laws? When were they eventually passed?

Answer 8

Parliament initially rejected their reintroduction, but agreed in April 1554 when they were promised monastic lands would not be restored to Church ownership.

Question 9

What did Parliament pass in November 1554?

Answer 9

Second Act of Repeal, which undid all anti-papal legislation since 1529 and the Henrician Reformation.

Question 10

When was the first protestant burnt? What was his name?

Answer 10

February 1555.

John Rogers, a biblical translator.

Question 11

Who was burnt for heresy in Oxford in October 1555?

Answer 11

Bishops Ridley and Latimer.

Question 12

Who died 12th November 1555?

Answer 12

Stephen Gardiner.

Question 13

Who was named Archbishop of Canterbury in December 1555?

Answer 13

Cardinal Pole.

Question 14

When was Cranmer burned?

Answer 14

21st March 1556.

Question 15

How many Protestants were burnt overall in Mary’s reign?

Answer 15

300.

Question 16

When did Mary and Pole die?

Answer 16

17th November 1558.

Question 17

What did Cardinal Pole’s return to England mark?

Answer 17

The next decisive stage in the restoration of Roman Catholicism.

Question 18

What did Parliament pass the same month that Pole returned to England?

Answer 18

The Second Act of Repeal.

Question 19

What careful provision was made in the Second Act of Repeal?

Answer 19

To protect the property rights of all those who had bought Church land since 1536.

Question 20

What did the protection of privately-owned church land demonstrate?

Answer 20

She had to forgo her plans for a full-scale restoration of the monasteries.

Question 21

What happened after the death of Gardiner? When did he die?

Answer 21

November 1555.

Had removed a trusted and restraining influence, and thereafter the regime became more repressive.

Question 22

When was Pole made Archbishop of Canterbury?

Answer 22

In December 1555.

Question 23

How many religious persecutions were carried out in the last three years of Mary’s reign?

Answer 23

274.

Question 24

Who died in 1555?

Answer 24

Pope Julius III.

Question 25

Who was the new pope? Who did he dislike?

Answer 25

Paul IV.

Disliked Pole and hated the Spanish Habsburgs.

Question 26

What did Pope Paul IV do to Pole?

Answer 26

Stripped Pole of his title of Legate and ordered him to return to Rome.

Question 27

How many sees were vacant by 1558? What was the reason for this?

Answer 27

Seven.

Pole could not appoint Bishops.

Question 28

When were the twelve decrees passed?

Answer 28

1555.

Question 29

What did the twelve decrees do?

Answer 29

Established seminaries in very diocese.