MARY: FACTION & INSTABILITY Flashcards
Where is there first evidence of divisions in government in Mary I’s reign?
Though what was the result of this division?
Divisions over her decision to marry Philip II.
Resulted in very little.
How was efficiency of council meetings further aided? Through what three developments?
- The establishment of committees in 1554.
- The establishment in 1555 of an ‘Inner Council’.
- Philip’s departure in 1555 and the death of Gardiner allowed Paget to dominate government.
Who clashed in government most notably?
Gardiner and Paget.
What were there disputes over?
What did these disputes come to?
The revival of the heresy laws.
But most of the time the Council were able to put rivalry aside.
Who did Gardiner lead?
The Catholics.
Who did Paget lead?
The moderates.
Who handled affairs of state?
An ‘inner council’ consisting of those experienced councillors who had reformed the privy council under Northumberland.
Where did much of the original criticism of the Privy Council come from?
Renard who was jealous of the queen’s English advisers and wished to maintain his own influence with Mary.
What was the main problem with Mary’s leadership?
She did not appear to exert any leadership, or show any real confidence in her Council.
How did Mary sometimes decide matters of policy?
She did not consult the Privy Council until she had already decided matters of policy in consolation with Renard.
What drastic change was made regarding the Exchequer in 1554?
Restored as the main financial department.
What was planned regarding the coinage in 1554? When was this plan actually implemented?
Planned to remove the large number of debased coins in circulation and to restore the full silver content. Not put into effect until 1560.
Where did English governments avoid encouraging overseas enterprise with?
Spain and Portugal.
When was progress made in overseas enterprise?
The reign of Elizabeth I.
What was one of the main issues when Mary came to power in 1553?
Fundamental religious divisions.
