M08 ESSAYS

Question 1

physical changes during puberty

Answer 1

changes in height and weight and hormone levels

Question 2

regions of brain that change during puberty

Answer 2

pre frontal cortex

amygdala

teenagers experience very strong emotions but their ability to control these passions is limited

Question 3

the ____ of emotions and the ___ of emotions changes during puberty

Answer 3

intensity; control

Question 4

prefrontal cortex

Answer 4

controls reasoning, decision-making, and self-control,

develops fully in early adulthood

Question 5

the amygdala

Answer 5

controls emotions such as anger

matures during adolescence

Question 6

change universal for both genders during adolescence

Answer 6

preoccupied sense of self and an obsession with body image

Question 7

as boys and girls progress thru puberty, they have a ____ body image

Answer 7

positive

Question 8

(girls/boys) have a more negative body image

Answer 8

girls

Question 9

California Longitudinal Study

Answer 9

early maturing boys had a more positive perception of self than those who were late mature

early maturation = focus on physical status

late bloomer = career development and achievement

Question 10

Early v. Late Maturation in girls

Answer 10

those who matured early were more satisfied in the 6th grade, but girls who were late maturing were more satisfied with their figures in the 10th grade

early maturing girls are more at risk for developing risky behaviors like smoking, drinking, and delinquency, developing eating disorders, and having earlier experiences of dating and sexual activities.

Question 11

What emotional changes accompany the onset of puberty, and how do they differ for males and females?

(4)

Answer 11

prefrontal cortex= control
amygdala = emotions

obsession with self and body image

california long. study (early v. late maturation)

girls (early v late maturation)

Question 12

Piaget’s fourth stage of cognitive development

Answer 12

formal operations stage

Question 13

formal operations stage

Answer 13

capable of more abstract thoughts

able to use their imagination to picture situations and experiences or hypothetical situations and work through them with logic

Question 14

Characteristics of formal operations stage

Answer 14

metacognition
idealism
logic

Question 15

metacognition

Answer 15

increased tendency to think about thinking

Question 16

idealism

Answer 16

think of ideals and qualities they desire in themselves and others

Question 17

logic

Answer 17

thinking like scientists and devising plans via hypothetical-deductive reasoning

establish multiple ways to solve a problem (hypotheses) then deduce which one would be the best way

Question 18

Discuss the thinking of formal operational thought

Answer 18

Characteristics of formal operations stage (metacognition, idealism, logic)

abstract thought

Question 19

components to egocentrism in adolescence

Answer 19

imaginary audience

personal fable

Question 20

imaginary audience

Answer 20

believe that others are as interested in them as they are in themselves

often behave in attention grabbing behavior as if they are preforming on an invisible stage

Question 21

Personal fable

Answer 21

a sense of personal uniqueness that makes them believe that no one understands their thoughts and feelings

Question 22

Personal fable and invincibility

Answer 22

Teenagers tend to believe that they are untouchable by reality – part of their sense of uniqueness – and tragedy which tends to lead adolescents to risky behaviors like drugs, speeding, unprotected sex, and suicide attempts

Question 23

Describe adolescent egocentrism

Answer 23

everyone is interested in them

imaginary audience and personal fable

personal fable makes them unique and untouchable to tragedy so they do crazy and wild things

Question 24

Eating disorders

Answer 24

anorexia nervosa

bulemia nervosa

Question 25

anorexia nervosa

Answer 25

an eating disorder that seeks to achieve thinness via self-chosen starvation

obsess over weight and exercise

Question 26

four characteristics of anorexia

Answer 26

1. weight less than 85% of what is considered normal
   2, intense fear of gaining weight that does not decrease with weight loss
   3, distorted body shape image (and an insatiable thirst to be thin,)
2. amenorrhea or lack of menstruation

Question 27

bulimia nervosa

Answer 27

a disorder characterized by binging and purging

binging/purging cycle at least twice a week for three months

Question 28

similarities between bulimia and anorexia

Answer 28

preoccupied with body image, body weight and food

both typically have the personalities of perfectionists.

Question 29

differences between bulimia and anorexia

Answer 29

anorexics are typically easy to detect due to their small size

bulimics often fall within the normal weight range and develops much later, around early adulthood compared to middle adolescence.

anorexics starve; bulimics binge then purge