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Question 1

What’s Physical Anthropology?

Answer 1

-Human Fossils
-Distinctive features of contemporary groups.

Question 2

What’s Archeology?

Answer 2

-Material remains from past cultures
-Ecological environments
-Causes that led to its demise

Question 3

What’s Anthropology Linguistics?

Answer 3

-Diversity of spoken languages
-Reconstruct the history of their origin

Question 4

What’s Cultural Anthropology ?

Answer 4

Or Social Anthropology
-Description from past and today’s culture.
-Medical, urban, religion…

Question 5

Evolutionist school: the scientist have to discover the stages of all cultures to reach the highest level of development

Answer 5

True

Question 6

3 stages of development according to the Taxonomy of Marzal #1

Answer 6

1. Description of other cultures and reflection on the transformation of their practices

Question 7

3 stages of development according to the Taxonomy of Marzal #2

Answer 7

2. Search for scientific laws of evolution of societies and their institutions

Question 8

3 stages of development according to the Taxonomy of Marzal #3

Answer 8

3. Search for scientific laws of the functioning of societies, from divergent approaches

Question 9

Which school argues that the societies shall pass through states of development?

Answer 9

Evolutionist School
-Scientific
-Highest level of development
-European societies

Question 10

Who established the bases of the study of the anthropology and proposed the first concept of culture?

Answer 10

Tylor

Question 11

Who proposed a classification of the evolution of mankind in three stages?

Answer 11

Lewis H. Morgan

Question 12

Lower Savagery:

Answer 12

Collection of
-wild food
-promiscuity
-nomadic horde

Question 13

Higher Savegery:

Answer 13

-Utensils for hunting (bows and arrows)
-Banned marraige among siblings

Question 14

Barbarism:

Answer 14

-Agriculture and pottery
-Prohibition of incest

Question 15

Higher Barbarism:

Answer 15

-Development of Metallurgy
-Private property instead of common goods.
-Polygyny

Question 16

Civilization:

Answer 16

-Writing development
-CIvil government
-Monogamy

Question 17

Historical Particularism (school):

Answer 17

-Every culture or society is the consequence of its own process

-NO to the existence of savage cultures and higher cultures

-Its model had to be the only one

Question 18

Difussionism (school):

Answer 18

-Cultures adopted their elements by imitation.

-Cultural characteristics diffused from one society to another

-Acculturation (exchange of cultural features)

Question 19

Functionalism (school):

Answer 19

-Describe the functions of the customs and institutions for the society studied

-Understand its origins

Question 20

Structural Functionalism (school):

Answer 20

-Society was organized as a whole

-Importance of field work for long periods which provides valid and reliable data

Question 21

French Structuralism (school):

Answer 21

-Society was organized as a whole

-Importance of field work for long periods which provides valid and reliable data

Question 22

1 of the most representative works: research about the way the society keeps integrated and allows its appropriate funct

Answer 22

Functionalism

Question 23

What’s Ethnocentrism?

Answer 23

Judging other cultures using our own cultural standards

Question 24

What’s Affinity?

Answer 24

Set of relationships that link two groups through marriage and social solidarity with people outside the nuclear family. In law relatives.

Question 25

What's Enculturation?

Answer 25

Learning process of the culture which we are exposed and we become the bearer of society

Question 26

What's Acculturation?

Answer 26

Exchange of cultural features

Question 27

What's Otherness?

Answer 27

-Relationship with beings that suggest the notion of other as interpersonal phenomenon -Identity is discovered by observing the diversity of others

Question 28

Propose to include the influence of the natural environment with cultural factors, such as technology and the economy.

Answer 28

Cultural Ecology

Question 29

What's State?

Answer 29

Political unit with an independent government and a centralized organization

Question 30

What's The Universal Pattern of Cultures?

Answer 30

Method that allows collecting and organizing data according to the sociocultural whole present in all cultures

Question 31

UPC : Infrastructure

Answer 31

-Society meets its minimum requirements for subsistence -Family, friends and in law-relationships

Question 32

UPC: Structure

Answer 32

-Society is organized into groups for regulate goods and labor -Companies, employees and workes

Question 33

UPC : Superstructure

Answer 33

-Artistic, recreational, intellectual and religious activities -All activities from the internal pov of the before ones.

Question 34

3 Phases - Concept of Culture (Giménez)

Answer 34

-Particular Phase - customs -Abstract Phase - models -Symbolic Phase - meanings

Question 35

2 types of marriage:

Answer 35

1. Exogamous: marriage w/someone from the outside the group. 2.Endogamous: marriage w/someone from the group.

Question 36

4 Vital Functions of Family:

Answer 36

1. Sexual Relations 2. Reproduction 3. Education 4. Subsistence

Question 37

What's Genealogy?

Answer 37

-Family history -It studies the ancestry and the offspring -Kinship

Question 38

Shamanist and Ecclesiastical:

Answer 38

-Shamanist: specialized person who resorts people at difficult times. -Ecclesiastical: full-time commitment, rulling class of society

Question 39

Sacred and Protane:

Answer 39

Sacred: rituals with the divine Protane: ordinary events of life

Question 40

Medical Anthropology:

Answer 40

-Social perceptions of disease -Influence of culture in diagnosis

Question 41

Urban Anthropology?

Answer 41

-Way individuals from various places solve their conflicts -Identity of population

Question 42

Economic Development:

Answer 42

-Examine social conflicts and cultural dimension of that development -Attention to vulnerable groups and equity

Question 43

Educational Anthropology:

Answer 43

-Attempts to bring education to everyone -Contradiction between the set of beliefs from the society and the textbooks

Question 43

Educational Anthropology:

Answer 43

-Attempts to bring education to everyone -Contradiction between the set of beliefs from the society and the textbooks