M1 - Muscular System Flashcards
(15 cards)
What is the primary function of muscle cells?
To convert chemical potential energy (ATP) into kinetic energy.
What are the three types of muscle tissue?
Smooth, Cardiac, and Skeletal.
What are the characteristics of smooth muscle cells?
Non-striated, single nucleus, involuntary contraction, found in walls of internal organs, can sustain prolonged contraction without fatigue.
Where are smooth muscle cells typically found?
In the walls of internal organs, such as the esophagus.
What are the characteristics of cardiac muscle cells?
Striated, tubular, branched, single nucleus, contract involuntarily, found in walls of the heart.
What are the characteristics of skeletal muscle cells?
Striated, tubular, many nuclei, contract voluntarily, usually attached to bones.
List five functions of skeletal muscle.
Support, Movement, Maintain body temperature, Protection, Stabilize joints.
How do muscles create movement?
Muscles contract to shorten and create a pull (not push).
What does muscle contraction and relaxation represent?
Contraction = work; relaxation = no work.
Why are muscles found in pairs?
Because one action always has an opposing action.
Give an example of opposing muscle pairs.
Bicep flex = bent arm; tricep flex = straight arm.
What are muscles attached to bones by?
Tendons.
List the structural organization of skeletal muscle from largest to smallest unit.
Muscles > Muscle fibres > Myofibrils > Myofilaments.
What are myofilaments responsible for?
Muscle contraction.
Name the two types of myofilaments.
Actin and Myosin.
