[M1] Peri-Operative Care Flashcards
(51 cards)
What should be obtained during a patient interview?
- patient health information, (drug and food allergies, ROS, PMH, etc.)
- provide and clarify information about the surgery and/or anesthesia
- assess patient’s emotional state and readiness about surgery
- determine patient/caregiver expected outcomes)
Why is a pre-op interview important?
- allows patient and/or caregivers the opportunity to ask questions about the surgery, anesthesia, and post–op care
- gains knowledge about patient’s daily routine, medications, etc. and allows for surgical team to plan patient education with changes to daily routines/day of surgery expectations from the patient
What should be obtained during a patient assessment in pre-op?
- baseline data (psychological, physical)
- ID the patient, surgical site, and review all medication/supplements, and informed consent
- obtain ALL medical/surgical history (anesthesia, co–morbidities, risk factors)
Why is a pre-op assessment important?
identifies risk factors and plans care to ensure patient safety
What are the 3 conditions of the patient that are required for informed consent?
- adequate disclosure of diagnosis, nature and purpose of the procedure, risks and consequences, probability of success, availability of alternative treatments, and prognosis if not treated
- must demonstrate a clear understanding
- must be given voluntarily
What should the nurse teach the patient in the pre-operative stage?
- importance of early post-op ambulation, breathing exercises, and use of incentive spirometry
- rating of pain and use of PCA pumps
What is the minimum fasting period for regular meals before surgery?
8 hours
What is the minimum fasting period for clear liquids before surgery?
2 hours
What medications are usually given prior to surgery? How soon?
antibiotics; within 30 - 60 minutes of the incision
Describe the unrestricted zone.
people in street clothes, holding area, nurses
station, control desk
Describe the semi-restricted zone.
peripheral support areas with ONLY
authorized staff, surgical attire (scrub attire,
long-sleeved jacket, dedicated shoes or shoe
covers, surgical head cover, appropriate PPE)
Describe the restricted zone.
surgical suite (OR), sterile core, masks are
worn and traffic is minimized whenever
sterile supplies are open
What is performed in the Holding Area?
prophylactic antibiotics, patient warming, and applying intermittent pneumatic compression devices (SCDs)
Explain the role of the circulating nurse.
- implements the plan of care and collaborates with the team
- patient’s advocate (maintains safety, privacy, dignity, and confidentiality)
- provides physical and emotional care for patient
- remains OUTSIDE sterile field
- documents care (surgical time out, surgical instrument count)
Which nurse remains outside the sterile field during surgery?
circulating nurse
Explain the role of the scrub nurse.
- maintains aseptic technique, handing equipment to surgeons and first assists
- preps the sterile field. gowned and gloved
- does surgical count/manages sterile field
The scrub nurse can be what kind of qualified professional(s)?
RN, LPN, or surgical tech
The circulating nurse can be what kind of qualified professional(s)?
only an RN
Explain the role of the 1st assist.
- holds retractors, helps with hemostasis and suturing
- may perform some parts of the procedure under surgeon’s direct supervision
The 1st assist can be what kind of qualified professional(s)?
physician, specially trained RN, certified surgical tech, or med student
Explain the role of anesthesia professionals.
provides management of vital functions while providing anesthesia/pain management
The anesthesia professional can be what kind of qualified professional(s)?
anesthesiologists or certified registered nurse anesthetist (CRNA)
What is the surgeon responsible for?
- pre–op medical history, physical assessment, and directing pre–op testing
- post–op management
- obtaining informed consent
- leading the surgical team
Describe nursing management in the OR.
- surgical sign in (reassessment, last–minute questions, valuable, prostheses, cover patient’s hair, confirm ordered pre–op drugs)
- transferring, greeting, IDing, and positioning the patient
- aseptic technique practice when opening and placing instruments (surgical counts)
- prepping the site
- assisting anesthesia care provider (if necessary)
