M1: States and classification of matter Flashcards

(40 cards)

1
Q

three states of matter

A

Solid liquid and gas

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2
Q

Solid

A

Their particle are close together hence they can not be compressed and cannot move freely from place to place

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3
Q

Liquid

A

particles are close together but are not hold rigidly in position and can move past one another.

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4
Q

Gas

A

particles are far apart from each other and are arranged in a random way. particles also move quickly in all direction

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5
Q

Has a solid fixed shape

A

Solid

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6
Q

Flow and takes the shape of the containers

A

liquid

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7
Q

can fill up any containers of any shape and size and can be compressed because molecules are distanced

A

gas

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8
Q

microscopic characteristics of solids

A

Particles are close from each other

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9
Q

Microscopic characteristics of liquid

A

particles are far from each other

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10
Q

microscopic characteristics of gas

A

particles are very far from each other

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11
Q

Macroscopic characteristics of a solid

A

Has definite shape and has definite volume

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12
Q

Macroscopic characteristics of a liquid

A

has indefinite shape and has definite volume

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13
Q

Macroscopic characteristics of a gas

A

has no fixed shape and volume

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14
Q

2 classification of a matter

A

Pure substance and mixtures

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15
Q

2 classifications of pure substance

A

elements and compounds

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16
Q

2 classifications of mixture

A

homogenous and heterogenous

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17
Q

2 classifications of elements

A

natural and artificial

18
Q

homogenous is what kind of mixture

19
Q

heterogenous is what kind of mixture

20
Q

what is a pure substance

A

is a matter that has a definite composition and distinct properties. It can either be an element or a compound.

21
Q

what is an element

A

the simplest form of matter since it is composed of one kind of atom. It is pure substance that cannot be decomposed into a simpler substance by ordinary chemical means.

22
Q

which elements are natural?

A

1-92 atomic numbers are natural, but 43 and 61 are not since they are highly radioactive (nawawala after sometimes for they have half-life)

23
Q

how long is francium’s half life?

24
Q

how long is uranium’s half life?

25
what is half-life
The amount of time before a radioactive element disintegrate into half
26
What is a compound?
A compound is a chemical substance that forms when two or more different elements combine in a fixed ratio
27
What is one of the most important characteristics of a compound?
it has a chemical formula
28
how can you separate compounds?
through chemical means
29
Example of a compound that has chemically different characteristics than the element composing it?
Sodium chloride (NaCl), which is formed when sodium (Na) atom reacts with chlorine (Cl) atom. Chlorine is a green, poisonous gas that is very toxic. It was used as a weapon during World War I. On the other hand, sodium is a soft silvery metal that reacts vigorously with water and, if held in the hand, could burn it severely. Together however, these atoms produce the compound sodium chloride (table salt), a clear, crystalline solid particle that is essential for human life
30
What is a Mixture?
are made up of two or more substances combined physically in variable proportions
31
homogenous mixture
also called a solution, is relatively uniform in composition. It is composed of a solute or the dissolved substance, and a solvent or the dissolving medium.
32
how can you separate mixture?
through physical means. ex: gold and copper in bronze can be separated through heating or melting because the two metals involved have different melting points:
33
a substance that will be dissolved?
solute
34
a substance that will be used for dissolving
solvent
35
Heterogeneous mixture
A mixture whose composition consists of 2 or more physically distinct phases.
36
example of heterogenous mixture
ice cubes in a drink, sand and water, and salt and oil
37
What is Tyndall effect?
a test in a substance whether a substance is a colloid or a solutions, if you put light in the substance, you can see the particle; colloid.
38
elements that ends with um or im?
those are metal except for 10 elements (mercury, gold, copper, iron, copper, potassium, etc.)
39
elements that ends with ne or en except for some elements
non metals
40
characteristics of metalloids
semi conductor: commonly used in computers