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Massage therapy > M100 integumentary review > Flashcards

M100 integumentary review Flashcards

1
Q

What structures does the integumentary system include

A

Skin and appendages

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2
Q

State the appendages of the skin

A

Nails, hair, glands

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3
Q

What does integument mean

A

“To cover/ Covering”

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4
Q

What is the principle organ of the integumentary system

A

Skin

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5
Q

What are the sheet like structures of the I.S called

A

Membranes

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6
Q

What cover and protect the body surface, line hollow cavities and cover the inner surfaces of hollow organs

A

Membranes

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7
Q

What anchors organs to eachother

A

Membranes

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8
Q

What anchor organs to bones

A

Membranes

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9
Q

What covers internal organs

A

Membranes

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10
Q

What secrete lubricating fluids that reduce the friction of organ movement

A

Membranes

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11
Q

What secretes lubricating fluids to decrease friction between bone and joint

A

Membranes

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12
Q

State the two major types of membranes

A

Epithelial and connective

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13
Q

State the three types of epithelial tissue

A

Cutaneous, Mucous, and serous

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14
Q

Whats the primary organ of the integumentary system

A

Cutaneous membrane

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15
Q

What type of membrane is also called skin

A

Cutaneous membrane

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16
Q

State the largest organ of the body

A

Cutaneous Membrane

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17
Q

Which membrane has a superficial layer of epithelial cells and underlying area of supportive connective tissue

A

Cutaneous membrane

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18
Q

Which epithelial membrane is composed of two layers of tissue known as parietal and visceral

A

Serous membrane

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19
Q

The ______ sheet of serous membrane is a thin layer of simple squamous epithelium

A

Epithelial

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20
Q

The _____ tissue layer of serous membrane forms a very thin glue like basement membrane that holds and supports epithelial cells

A

Connective

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21
Q

The serous membrane that lines the walls of body cavities

A

Parietal

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22
Q

The serous membrane that covers the surface of organs

A

Visceral

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23
Q

The thoracic cavity serous membranes

A

Pleura

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24
Q

The abdominal cavity serous membranes

A

Peritonium

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25
Q

____ membranes secrete a thin watery fluid that helps reduce friction and serves as a lubricant while organs rub together and on cavity walls

A

Serous

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26
Q

Epithelial membranes that line body surfaces opening directly to the exterior of the body

A

Mucous membrane

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27
Q

These membranes line the digestive, respiratory, urinary and reproductive tracts

A

Mucous membranes

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28
Q

The thick, slimy material secreted by epithelial cells of most mucous membranes

A

Mucus

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29
Q

This keeps mucous membranes moist and soft

A

Mucus

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30
Q

A point of fusion where the skin and mucous membranes meet

A

Mucocutaneous Junctions

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31
Q

Places of the body without I.S accessory organs including eyelids ,vulva , nasal openings ect

A

Mucocutaneous junctions

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32
Q

______ membranes contain no epithelial tissue

A

Connective tissue

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33
Q

Connective tissue membranes that line the spaces between bones and joints

A

Synovial membranes

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34
Q

These membranes are smooth and slick; they secrete a thick colorless lubricating fluid called synovial fluid

A

Synovial membranes

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35
Q

These membranes line the Bursae found between moving body parts

A

Synovial membranes

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36
Q

AKA oil glands

A

Apocrine
Sebaceous

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37
Q

The outer later of the skin

A

Epidermis

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38
Q

The layer of the skin with stratified squamous epithelium

A

Epidermis

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39
Q

The deeper layer of skin

A

Dermis

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40
Q

This layer of skin is mostly made up of connective tissue

A

Dermis

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41
Q

This supports the layers of skin and is a thick layer of loose connective fat and tissue

A

Subcutaneous

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42
Q

AKA Hypodermis

A

Subcutaneous

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43
Q

This insulates the body from extreme heat and cold

A

Fatty fat

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44
Q

This structure of skin serves as a stored source of energy can can be used as a food source

A

Adipose

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45
Q

This structure of skin acts as a shock absorbing pad and helps protect underlying tissues from injury

A

Adipose

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46
Q

The structure of skin that contains tightly packed epithelial cells arranged in many different layers

A

Epidermis

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47
Q

The innermost layer of the epidermis

A

Stratum Basal

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48
Q

The cells at the innermost layer of the epidermis reproduce themselves via _____

A

Mitosis

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49
Q

As cells from the stratum germinativum move towards the surface of the skin the cells cytoplasm is replaced with ______

A

Keratin

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50
Q

A protein substance thats tough and waterproof

A

Keratin

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51
Q

This substance provides cells on the outer layer of the skin with a horny abrasion resistance, protective quality

A

Keratin

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52
Q

The tough outer layer of the epidermis

A

Stratum corneum

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53
Q

Gives skin its color

A

Melanin/ Pigment

54
Q

Which layer of skin is pigment found?

A

Hypodermal

55
Q

Type of pigment that gives skin a brown color

A

Melanin

56
Q

Cells that produce brown pigment

A

Melanocytes

57
Q

The primary function of ______ is protection from UV radiation from sunlight

A

Melanin

58
Q

The condition when skin turns bluish gray from lack of oxygen

A

Cyanosin

59
Q

What do we call the area where epidermal and dermal layers meet?

A

Dermal- epidermal junction

60
Q

The thicker layer of skin

A

Dermis

61
Q

The layer of skin composed mostly of connective tissue

A

Dermis

62
Q

The layer of skin that has cells scattered apart

A

Dermis

63
Q

The tough and strong fibers found between cells of the dermis

A

Collegen

64
Q

The stretchable fibers found between cells of the dermis

A

Elastin

65
Q

The parallel rows of tiny bumps for in upper region of the dermis

A

Dermal papillae

66
Q

These structures bind skin layers together

A

Dermal Papillae

67
Q

These form ridges and grooves that make up your fingerprints and footprints

A

Dermal papillae

68
Q

What happens to collagen and elastic fibers with age

A

They decrease

69
Q

What happens to skin with age

A

Weakens, sags, less soft, thinner

70
Q

The specialized network of nerves and nerve endings are found in which layer of skin

A

Dermis

71
Q

What do nerves and nerve endings of the skin sense

A

Temp, pain, pressure

72
Q

These are found in various levels of the dermis

A

Nerves, muscles, follicles, sebaceous glands, blood vessels

73
Q

Extremely soft and fine hair of a newborn

A

Lanugo

74
Q

What areas of the skin are truly hairless

A

Palms of hand, sides of fingers, soles of feet, lips

75
Q

What causes pubic hair growth

A

Hormones

76
Q

The tubes where the hair grows

A

Hair follicle

77
Q

Small, cap shaped cluster of cells where hair begins to grow

A

Hair papillae

78
Q

The part of the hair thats hidden in the hair follicle

A

Root

79
Q

The visible portion of the hair

A

Shaft

80
Q

Cutting/ shaving your hair makes it grow faster?

A

False

81
Q

Tiny involuntary smooth muscles that cause goosebumps

A

Erector pillae

82
Q

What makes hair stand straight

A

Erector pillae

83
Q

These make it possible for the skin to serve as a sense organ

A

Sense receptor

84
Q

Deep to the dermis they detect pressure

A

Pacinian corpuscle

85
Q

Closer to the skin, they detect light touch

A

Meissners corpuscle

86
Q

These detect pain and temp

A

Free nerve endings

87
Q

These detect low frequency vibrations

A

Krause end bulbs

88
Q

These accessory organs of the skin are produced by cells in the epidermis

A

Finger nails

89
Q

Nails are hard due to what substance

A

Keratin

90
Q

The visible portion of the nail

A

Body

91
Q

The part of a nail that lies in a groove, hidden by a fold of skin

A

Root

92
Q

The fold of skin that hides part of the nail

A

Cuticle

93
Q

The crescent shaped white area of the nail

A

Lanulae

94
Q

A layer of epithelium that lies under the nail

A

Nail bed

95
Q

aka sweat glands

A

Suderofeous

96
Q

AKA oil glands

A

Sebaceous

97
Q

The most numerous skin glands

A

Eccrine

98
Q

Two types of sweat glands

A

Eccrine and apocrine

99
Q

The most numerous sweat glands

A

Eccrine

100
Q

The waste products eliminated by sweat

A

Ammonia and uric acid

101
Q

Glands that aide the body in maintaining a constant temp

A

Sweat

102
Q

Outlets of small ducts from eccrine sweat glands

A

Pores

103
Q

These sweat glands are found under the armpits and genitals

A

Apocrine

104
Q

Body odor is caused by body secretions being contaminated by ______

A

Bacteria

105
Q

These glands have tiny ducts that open into hair follicles

A

Sebaceous glands

106
Q

Secretions from sebaceous glands that lubricate hair and skin

A

Sebum

107
Q

The substance that makes up pimples and blackheads

A

Sebum

108
Q

Increased wrinkling and cracking of the skin in late adulthood is due to _____

A

Decreased cebum procduction

109
Q

4 functions of the skin

A

Protection, Vitamin D production, temp, sensation

110
Q

What does the skin protect from

A

Bacteria, fluid loss, uv rays

111
Q

Treatment and recovery of burns depend of what two things?

A

Percent of burn, degree

112
Q

What is burn severity determined by

A

Degrees

113
Q

The most frequently used method of determining the extent of a burn injury

A

Rule of nine

114
Q

A type of burn with minor discomfort and reddening of the skin

A

First

115
Q

There are no blisters in this burn

A

First

116
Q

A type of burn involving deep epidermal layer and upper dermal layers

A

Second

117
Q

A type of burn with damage to the sweat glands, hair follicles, and sebaceous glands but the dermis isn’t completely destroyed

A

Second

118
Q

A type of burn with blisters, severe pain, swelling, fluid loss& often scarring

A

Third

119
Q

A type of burn with damage to the muscle tissue

A

Third

120
Q

Fungus

A

Tinea

121
Q

Odor producing sweat glands

A

Apircrine

122
Q

Vitamin D deficiency

A

Rickets

123
Q

Inflammation of the dermis

A

Dermatitis

124
Q

AKA bedsore

A

Decubitis ulcer

125
Q

Skin cancer that often affects those with AIDS

A

Kapsoi sarcoma

126
Q

Malignant neoplasm that involves melanin producing cells

A

Malignant melanoma

127
Q

AKA ringworm

A

Dermatophytosis

128
Q

AKA athletes foot

A

Tinea pedis

129
Q

given with a hypodermic needle

A

Subcutaneous injection

130
Q

Glands that produce ear wax

A

Cerminious

131
Q

Inflammation of the serous membrane of the abdominal cavity

A

peritonitis

132
Q

Inflammation of the serous membranes of the chest cavity

A

Pleurisy

Massage therapy (11 decks)

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