M2 Scalars, Vectors and Equilibrium Flashcards
define scalar quantities
wholly described as their magnitude
they have no direction
define vector quantities
consists of magnitude and direction
give examples of scalar quantities
mass distance time speed energy temperature
give examples of vector quantities
displacement force velocity momentum pressure acceleration
what’s the resultant force
The sum of all the forces acting on an object (goes inbetween the two vectors)
what’s a resolving vector
when you split a vector into two perpendicular components
whats the equation of weight
mass X gravitational strength (9.81)
W = mg
what forces are acting on an object going down a slope
weight
reaction force (acts up)
frictional force
how could you draw forces that act in equilibrium
closed triangle or polygon
define centre of gravity
the point where the entire weight of the object seems to act
define centre of mass
a point where the entire mass of the object seems to be concentrated
define moment and what’s its equation
the turning effect of a force
moment = force X perpendicular distance from the pivot to the line of action of the force
units are Nm
what is the principle of moments
anti-clockwise moments = clockwise moments
it’s an equilibrium
what’s a couple
what’s a torque
a pair of forces of equal size which act parallel to each other, but in opposite directions
this type of turning effect is called a torque
give examples of a torque or couple force
turning a tap
car steering wheel
bike handlebars
