M3 Flashcards
The aspects of this changing environment are:
- Changes in Technology
- Changes in Government Policy
- Changes in all overall economic activity
- Changes in the nature of competition
- Changes in social norms and attitudes
Is a function of management in which a conscious choice of patterns of influence is determined for
decision makers so that many decisions will be coordinated for some
period of time and will be directed toward the
chosen broad goals.
Planning
Is a predetermined course of action.
Plan
It may be tailored to a specific project, or they may be
established as a standing plans for any future actions.
Plan
It may developed after considerable detailed study of a
routine set of actions, can serve as a predetermined pattern, which will ensure correct future action with a maximum
of rethinking on the part of the operator.
Checklist
According to him Planning refers to” the management function that involves anticipating
future trends and determining the best strategies and tactics to achieve organizational objectives.” This
definition is useful because it relates the future to what could be decided now.
Nickels and others
According to them define planning as “the selection and sequential ordering of tasks
required to achieve an organization goal. “ The definition centers on the activity to accomplish the goals.
Aldag and Steams
According to them planning provides a better guide on how effectively perform this vital activity. Planning according to them is “deciding what will be done, who will do it, where, when, and how it will be
done and the standards to which it will be done.
Cole and Hamilton
RECITE PLANNING AND THE MANAGEMENT PROCESS
- Setting organizational, divisional, or unit goals
- Developing strategies or tactics to reach those goals
- Determining resources needed and
- Setting standard
This is the first task of the engineer manager is to provide a sense of direction to his firm (if he is the chief
executive), to his division (if he heads a division), or to his unit (if he is a supervisor).
Setting Organizational, Divisional, or Unit goals
it provides an
answer to the said concern.
Setting of goals
May be defined as the “precise statement of the results sought, quantified in the time and magnitude, where possible”.
Goal
After determining the goals, the next task is to devise some means to realize them.
Developing Strategies or Tactics to reach those goals
may be defined as “a course of action aimed at ensuring that the organization will achieve its
objectives.”
Strategy
is a short-term action taken by management to adjust to negative internal or external influences.
Tactics
Give the 3 Components of Strategic Management
- Goal of Organization
- Mission of Organization
- Strategy of Organization
Components of Strategic Management that are the general and ultimate ends toward
which they are aimed.
Goal of Organization
Components of Strategic Management that is the specific and well defined roles and
activities on which the organization elects to concentrate its efforts.
Mission of Organization
Components of Strategic Management that must be tailored to the specific situation in which an
organization find itself. A strategy that has been successful for one company may not be good for
another.
Strategy of Organization
When particular sets of strategies or tactics have been devised, the engineer manager will, then, determine
the human and non-human resources requires by such strategies or tactics. Even if the resource requirements are
currently available, they must be specified.
Determining Resources Needed
The standards for measuring performance may be set at the planning stage. When actual performance does
not match with the planned performance, corrections may be made or reinforcement given.
Setting Standards
may be defined as “a quantitative or qualitative measuring device designed to help monitor the
performances of people, capital goods or processes.
Standard
GIVE ALL THE PLANNING AT VARIOUS MANAGEMENT LEVELS
- Top management level- strategic planning
- Middle management level- intermediate planning
- Lower management level- operational planning
It refers to the process of determining the major goals of the organization and the
policies and the strategies for obtaining and using resources to achieve those goals.
Strategic Planning
