M3.1 Flashcards
(23 cards)
What is the charge of an electron?
-1.602x10^19C
What is the charge of a proton?
1.602x10^-19C
What makes up the mass of an atom?
Protons and Neutrons
What is a molecule?
A molecule is an electrically neutral group of two or more atoms of the same element held together by chemical bonds
What is a positive ion
Cation
What is a negative ion?
Anion
How can ions be created?
Ions can be created by physical or chemical, such as dissolving a salt in water, or passing a direct current through a conduction solution(Electrolysis)
What is the structure of a conductor?
Atoms are closely packed to form a crystal lattice, in which the outer electron shells overlap, allowing them to flow freely.
Name 3 examples of good metal conductors
Copper, Aluminium, Silver
How many electrons does a good conductor contain in the outer shell?
Less than 4 electrons
What is a conductor?
A material that allows the flow of electricity
What is a semiconductor?
A semiconductor is a material whose conductivity is between that of a good conductor and that of a good insulator.
What can the conductivity of a semiconductor be affected by?
Temperature, doping and light
What is doping in a semiconductor?
The addition of foreign atoms to the material.
How does the conductivity of a semiconductor compare to a conventional metal conductor at high temperatures?
Semiconductors are better conductors at high temperatures.
What are some examples of semiconductor?
Silicon, Germanium
How many free electrons does a semiconductor have compared to a conventional metal conductor?
Semiconductors might have one free electron per million atoms at room temperature, whereas a metal might have one free electrons per atom
How many electrons does a semiconductor have in its outer shell>
4
What are insulators?
Materials that have a very poor electrical conductivity
What are insulator also known as?
Non-conductors
What is the structure of an insulator?
Electron are tightly connected to atoms or molecules, which prevents them from breaking away. The lack of free electrons prevents the conduction of electricity.
How many electrons does a good insulator have in its outer shell?
More than 4 electrons
Name 2 examples of good insulators
Mica, Porcelain
