M4 Knowledge gaps

Question 1

Homologous series

Answer 1

Series of organic compounds with same functional groups
Each successive member differs by CH2

Question 2

Functional group

Answer 2

A group of atoms responsible for the characteristic reactions of a compound

Question 3

Homolytic fission

Answer 3

Each bonding atom receives one electron from the bonding pair, forming 2 radicals

Question 4

Heterolytic fission

Answer 4

One bonding atom receives both electrons from bonding pair

Question 5

σ-bond

Answer 5

Direct overlap of orbitals between the bonding atoms

Question 6

Limitations of radical substitution

Answer 6

Variety of organic products due to:
- further substitution
- reactions at different positions along carbon chain

Question 7

π-bond

Answer 7

Sideways overlap of adjacent p-orbitals above and below bonding atoms

Question 8

E/Z stereoisomerism

Answer 8

Two different groups attached to each carbon atom of C=C bond
Restricted rotation about double bond

Question 9

cis-trans stereoisomerism

Answer 9

E/Z isomerism where two groups attached to each carbon are the same

Question 10

Processing waste polymers

Answer 10

• organic feedstock for production of plastics and other organic products
• combustion for energy production
• removal of toxic waste products e.g., HCl from chlorinated addition polymers

Question 11

Reactants for hydrolysis of haloalkanes

Answer 11

Aqueous alkali
Water in the presence of AgNO3 and ethanol

Question 12

That sentence about IR in spectroscopy

Answer 12

Causes covalent bonds to vibrate more and absorb energy
Causes global warming as more energy absorbed from IR by atmospheric gases