M5 SEE DISC STRUCT2

Question 1

is a technique of solving a problem and
breaking it down into smaller parts and
solving each of the smaller problems.

Answer 1

Procedural Programming

Question 2

This model of software development is
process-centric or procedural since it
concentrates on the procedures in a
system

Answer 2

Procedural Programming

Question 3

It describes the task to be performed 
on objects. These objects that have to 
be created and stored in the computer 
memory, contain data and instructions to 
perform tasks specific to that object.

Answer 3

Object-Oriented Programming

Question 4

The focus of X
is to break down a programming task
into a collection of variables, data
structures, and subroutines

Answer 4

procedural programming

Question 5

The focus of X is to break down a 
programming task into objects that 
expose behavior (methods) and data 
(members or attributes) using 
interfaces.

Answer 5

object-oriented

programming

Question 6

uses
procedures to operate on data
structures

Answer 6

procedural programming

Question 7

bundles the procedures and data structures together

Answer 7

object-oriented

programming

Question 8

an instance of a class that operates on its own data structrue

Answer 8

object

Question 9

It uses a collection of objects interacting

with each other.

Answer 9

object-oriented

programming

Question 10

enables
programmers to create modules that
need not be changed when a new type
of object is added.

Answer 10

object-oriented

programming

Question 11

reduces softeare complexities and realistic
modelling through the use of various
techniques

Answer 11

OOP

Question 12

the process of picking out
the common features of objects and procedures.
This process focuses on the essential
characteristics of an object.

Answer 12

Abstraction

Question 13

the process of hiding the

implementation details of an object.

Answer 13

Encapsulation –

Question 14

allows an object to extend its characteristics to another object.

Answer 14

Inheritance –

Question 15

ability to process objects differently depending on their data type or class

Answer 15

Polymorphism –

Question 16

is a template or blueprint that defines an object’s attributes and operations and that is created at design time

Answer 16

class

Question 17

is a running instance of a class that consumes memory and has a finite lifespan

Answer 17

object

Question 18

exists when an object contains a
reference to another object. Referred to as the
“has a” relationship

Answer 18

Association –

Question 19

referred to as the “kind of” or “is

a” relationship

Answer 19

Inheritance –

Question 20

the parent class 
from which properties are inherited by another 
class

Answer 20

superclass (base class) –

Question 21

a new class with 
properties  taken from a parent class

Answer 21

subclass (derived class) –

Question 22

a well-encapsulated
conceptual class. The objects of this class do
not exist in real world

Answer 22

abstract class –

Question 23

is a general-purpose notational
language used for specifying and visualizing
complex software, usually large object-oriented
project. It uses several types of diagrams such
as the case diagram, class diagram, and state
chart diagram.

Answer 23

Unified Modeling Language (UML)

Question 24

is used to describe the
attributes and behaviors of objects in the
system.

Answer 24

class diagram

Question 25

are the data contained in a class

Answer 25

Attributes

Question 26

are the actions performed on that data

Answer 26

Operations

Question 27

Public (+), Private (-), Protected (#)

Answer 27

Accessibility:

Question 28

UML Access Modifier Symbols:

• public
• private
• protected
• package
• indicates default access
• represents abstract class method
• represents static method or attribute

Answer 28

• public: +
• private: -
• protected: #
• package: ~
• indicates default access: “ “
• represents abstract class method: italics
• represents static method or attribute: underline