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M7 Flashcards

1
Q
  • endogenous compounds
  • local hormones produced by vritually ALL cell
  • NO distribution needed (bc they are produced all over the body
  • EX: bradykinin, eicosanoids, serotonin, histamine
A

AUTACOIDS

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2
Q

AUTACOIDS

examples

A

Bradykinin
Eicosanoids
Serotonin
Histamine

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3
Q

AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE

LOCATIONS

A

Mast cells
Basophils
Parietal cells
CNS

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4
Q

AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE

  • precursor of histamine
  • undergo decarboxylation by L-histidine decarboxylase producing histamine
A

HSTIDINE

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5
Q

AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE

Histidine undergoes ____ in producing histamine

A

decarboxylation

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6
Q

AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE

enzyme that undergo histidine into decarboxylation

A

L-histidine decarboxylase

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7
Q

AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE

RELEASE

A

degranulation

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8
Q

AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE

RELEASE | DEGRANULATION:
* Ca-dependent degranulation
* IgE mediated

A

anaphylaxis

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9
Q

AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE

RELEASE | DEGRANULATION:
* Ca-independent
* NONE IgE mediated
* Drug induced by: Morphine, Tubocurarine, Guamethidine

A

ANAPHYLACTOID

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10
Q

AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE

EFFECTS OF RECEPTORS:
Histamine 1

A

allergy

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11
Q

AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE

EFFECTS OF RECEPTORS:
Histamine 2

A

Acidity, Allergy

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12
Q

AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE

EFFECTS OF RECEPTORS:
Histamine 3

A

Inhibitory receptor

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13
Q

AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE

EFFECTS OF RECEPTOR:
Histamine 4

A

Inflammation

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14
Q

AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE 1

EFFECT:
blood vessel

A

vasodilation = anaphylactic shock

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15
Q

AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE 1

EFFECT:
bronchial muscle

A

bronchoconstriction

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16
Q

AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE 1

EFFECT:
sensory nerve endings

A

pruritus, pain

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17
Q

AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE 1

EFFECT:
capillary endothelial cells

A

contraction = wheal (red bumps)

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18
Q

AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE 1

EFFECT:
CNS

A

alertness

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19
Q

anti-allergy are ____

A

Histamine 1 receptor blockers

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20
Q

AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE

HISTAMINE 2:
location

A

parietal cell

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21
Q

AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE

HISTAMINE 2:
effects

A

HCl production = acidity
enhance histamine release or degranulation = allergy

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22
Q

AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE

HISTAMINE 2:
HCl production peaks at ____

A

night

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23
Q

AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE

HISTAMINE 2:

A
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24
Q

AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE

HISTAMINE 2:
allergy is found in what cells

A

mast cells & basophils

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25
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE** HISTAMINE 3: **location**
CNS = presynaptic receptor
26
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE** HISTAMINE 3: **effects**
autoregulation = inhibit further release of histamine
27
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE** HISTAMINE 4: **location**
inflammatory cell - neutrophils
28
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE** HISTAMINE 4: what **carry** compounds **responsible** for **inflammation**
NEUTROPHILS
29
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE** AGONISTS: * **obsolete** * FORMER application: pulmonary challenge test * determination of **adequacy** of **HCl acid secretion**
HISTAMINE
30
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE** HISTAMINE 4: **effect** * **abnormal cell movement** leading to inflammation * movement of inflammatory substance to the target area
CHEMOTAXIS
31
what is used NOWADAYS for **pulmonary challenge test**
METACHOLINE
32
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE** AGONISTS: * **H1** AGONIST, **H3** ANTAGONIST * use in the mgt of **endolypmh** associated with **vertigo** * use in mgt of **Meniere’s disease**
BETAHISTINE (Serc)
33
**fluid** in the **ears** causing **vertigo**
ENDOLYMPH
34
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE** AGONISTS: * **H2** agonist * **investigational** drug
IMPROMIDE
35
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE** ANTAGONISTS: **different** target
Functional antagonist / Physiologic antagonist
36
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE** FUNCTIONAL ANTAGONIST: * **alpha 1** activation: vaso**constriction** = increase BP * **beta 2** activation: broncho**dilation** = easy breathing
EPINEPHRINE
37
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE | FUNCTIONAL ANTAGONIST** EPINEPHRINE: **alpha 1** activation
vaso**constriction**
38
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE | FUNCTIONAL ANTAGONIST** EPINEPHRINE: **beta 2** activation
broncho**dilation**
39
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE | PHARMACOLOGICAL ANTAGONIST** anti-**allergy** medications
H1 antihistamines
40
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE** PHARMACOLOGIC ANTAGONIST
antihistamines
41
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE | PHARMACOLOGICAL ANTAGONIST | H1 ANTIHISTAMINES** * **classical
42
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE | PHARMACOLOGICAL ANTAGONIST** * **classical** agents / **sedating** agents * **lipophilic** = CAN enter the brain = BLOCK H1 in the brain = **sedation** * the **majority**
1ST GENERATION
43
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE | PHARMACOLOGICAL ANTAGONIST** 1ST GENERATION: * **MOST sedating** but the **MOST EFFECTIVE** * Diphenhydramine, Dimenhydrinate, Doxylamine, Carbinoxamine
ETHANOLAMINE
44
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE | PHARMACOLOGICAL ANTAGONIST** 1ST GENERATION: * for **Dystonia** — one presentation of EPS, characterized by **torticollis** (twisting of the neck)
DIPHENHYDRAMINE
45
a variant of **dystonia** that ORIGINATED in **Panay, Philippines** which affects the **male** only and the females are only carriers of the disease
X-LINK DYSTONIA (XDP)
46
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE | PHARMACOLOGICAL ANTAGONIST** 1ST GENERATION: * **salt form** of **diphenhydramine**
DIMENHYDRINATE
47
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE | PHARMACOLOGICAL ANTAGONIST** 1ST GENERATION: * **sleeping aid**
DOXYLAMINE
48
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE | PHARMACOLOGICAL ANTAGONIST** 1ST GENERATION: * **Pyrilamine, Tripelenamine**
ETHYLENEDIAMINES
49
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE | PHARMACOLOGICAL ANTAGONIST** 1ST GENERATION: * **Ethyldiamines** that causes **GI upset** and **mild sedation**
PYRILAMINE, TRIPELENAMINE
50
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE | PHARMACOLOGICAL ANTAGONIST** 1ST GENERATION: * tx of **motion sickness**
PIPERAZINES
51
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE | PHARMACOLOGICAL ANTAGONIST** 1ST GENERATION: **Piperazines**
Meclizine (Bonamine) Cyclizine Hydroxyzine (Iterax)
52
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE | PHARMACOLOGICAL ANTAGONIST** 1ST GENERATION: * PIPERAZINE that can be **converted** to **Cetirizine**
Hydroxyzine (Iterax)
53
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE | PHARMACOLOGICAL ANTAGONIST** 1ST GENERATION: * components of **cold medications** * ANALGESIC: paracetamol * NASAL DECONGESTANT: alpha 1 agonist — Phenylephrine, Phenylpropanolamine * anti-ALLERGY
ALKYLAMINES
54
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE | PHARMACOLOGICAL ANTAGONIST** 1ST GENERATION: **ALKYLAMINES**
Chlorphenamine Brompheniramine
55
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE | PHARMACOLOGICAL ANTAGONIST** 1ST GENERATION (ALKYLAMINES): **Brompheniramine + Phenylpropanolamine (PPA)**
Nasatapp
56
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE | PHARMACOLOGICAL ANTAGONIST** 1ST GENERATION: * **Promethazine** (Phenergan)
Phenothiazine
57
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE | PHARMACOLOGICAL ANTAGONIST** 1ST GENERATION (PHENOTHIAZINE): * anesthetic adjunct: **induce pre-operative sedation**
PROMETHAZINE (Phenergan)
58
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE | PHARMACOLOGICAL ANTAGONIST** 1ST GENERATION: * **PIPERIDINE**
Cyproheptadine
59
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE | PHARMACOLOGICAL ANTAGONIST** 1ST GENERATION (PIPERIDINE): - H1 **blocker**, M3 **blocker**, 5-HT1,2 **blocker** - anti-**serotonin** * mgt of **Serotonin Syndrome**
Cyproheptadine
60
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE | PHARMACOLOGICAL ANTAGONIST** 2ND GENERATION: * **LESS** sedating * Cetirizine * Levocetirizine * Levocetirizine + Montelukast
PIPERAZINES
61
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE | PHARMACOLOGICAL ANTAGONIST** 2ND GENERATION: * **NON** sedating * used for **pilots**, **drivers**, **machine operators** * Loratidine * Desloratidine * Fexofenadine
PIPERIDINES
62
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE | PHARMACOLOGICAL ANTAGONIST** 2ND GENERATION: * **Fexofenadine** is a modified form of ____ because it is **cardiotoxic**
Terfenadine
63
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE | PHARMACOLOGICAL ANTAGONIST** 2ND GENERATION: **newer agents**
Bilastine Ebastine
64
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE | PHARMACOLOGICAL ANTAGONIST** H2 ANTIHISTAMINE
Cimetidine Famotidine Nizatidine Ranitidine
65
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE | PHARMACOLOGICAL ANTAGONIST** H2 ANTIHISTAMINE: * **prototype**, **LEAST** potent
CIMETIDINE
66
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE | PHARMACOLOGICAL ANTAGONIST** H2 ANTIHISTAMINE: * **MOST** potent
Famotidine
67
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE | PHARMACOLOGICAL ANTAGONIST** H2 ANTIHISTAMINE: * has almost **100% oral bioavailability**
Nizatidine
68
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE | PHARMACOLOGICAL ANTAGONIST** * mgt of **Acid Peptic Disease** * mgt of **Acute Gastrointestinal Ulcer Bleeding** * adjunct in the mgt if **allergic reaction**
H2 ANTIHISTAMINE
69
# **AUTACOIDS | HISTAMINE | PHARMACOLOGICAL ANTAGONIST** H2 ANTIHISTAMINE: TOXIC EFFECTS OF **Cimetidine**
enzyme inhibitor anti androgen

PCOL (11 decks)

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