machines in the body

Question 1

lever

Answer 1

fulcrum, 2 types of forces, motive force and resistance force

Question 2

mechanical advantage

Answer 2

FA/RA
force = FA > RA, MA > 1
ROM = FA < RA

Question 3

functions of levers

Answer 3

mechanical force advantage
speed/ROM
balance forces
change effective direction of an applied force

Question 4

1st class

Answer 4

most versatile

triceps above the head

Question 5

2nd class

Answer 5

force advantage
temporomandibular joint
force outside resistance

Question 6

3rd class

Answer 6

ROM / speed advantage

biceps, resistance outside, force

Question 7

ARM

Answer 7

axis, resistance, motive force

2nd class

Question 8

pulley

Answer 8

grooved wheel for a cord to pass over

change direction of applied force

Question 9

rotary component

Answer 9

perpendicular to bone

always less than the resultant force unless acts at 90

Question 10

stabilising component

Answer 10

directed parallel to lever
towards the joint
< 90

Question 11

dislocating component

Answer 11

parallel to the lever
directed away from the joint
> 90

Question 12

the smaller the angle of attachment

Answer 12

the faster + further the muscular contraction

Question 13

wheel and axle

Answer 13

wheel = larger radius
axle = smaller
force applied to the wheel, strength and force advantage
force applied to the axle = speed / ROM advantage