Macro topics

Question 1

Unlawful, damaging, corrupt, dishonest, mean, and negligent are examples of what?

Answer 1

Unethical behaviour

Question 2

Name two personal factors that cause unethical behaviour

Answer 2

Two of
-greed
-ego
-personality traits
-moral disengagement/exclusion
-cognitive biases

Question 3

Name two structural causes of unethical behaviour

Answer 3

Two of
-Excessive power held by few
-Rewards linked to unethical behaviour
-Low cost of unethical behaviour
-Unethical norms
-Shareholder orientation
-Lack of transparency
-Lack of resources

Question 4

Name one formal and one informal element to promote ethical behaviour

Answer 4

Formal:
-Ethics codes/policies
-Communication
-Training
-Monitoring
-Reward ethical behaviour
-Penalties for unethical behaviour
Informal:
-Ethical leadership
-Ethical culture
-Perception of fairness

Question 5

Name one internal and one external force initiating change

Answer 5

External:
-Socio-cultural
-Technological
-Economic
-Political and legal
Internal:
-Performance outcomes
-Shareholder activism
-Internal processes
-New management philosophy
-New strategies

Question 6

What is the role of the change agent?

Answer 6

1. Identify forces causing change
2. Diagnose the problem
3. Decide objectives
4. Champion the change
5. Monitor and review

Question 7

What are the four types of change?

Answer 7

Chaotic, Transitory, Adaptive, Systematic

Question 8

Who developed the three step change model?

Answer 8

Kurt Lewin

Question 9

Name three ways of overcoming resistance to change (championing change)

Answer 9

Three of
-Learning and communication
-Involvement and participation
-Facilitation, support, stress management
-Negotiation
-Manipulation and co-optation
-Coercion
-Realigning staff profiles

Question 10

What are some strategies for successful re-freezing?

Answer 10

-Reward allocation
-Transformational leadership
-Coalitions, social networks
-Effective transmission of new information
-Diffusion in the change effort

Question 11

What are the six silent killers for managing change?

Answer 11

1. Management style too top-down or too laissez faire
2. Unclear strategy/conflicting priorities
3. Ineffective senior management
4. Poor vertical communication
5. Poor horizontal communication
6. Inadequate skills at lower levels

Question 12

Explain the strategy, visibility and effect of the three dimensions of power

Answer 12

1D: managing resources, visible strategy to defeat resistance
2D: managing processes to control who holds power, subtly sidelines resistance
3D: manages meaning, almost-unnoticeable, prevent resistance

Question 13

What are three types of resource power?

Answer 13

Three of
-Reward power
-Coercive power
-Authority power
-Referent power
-Expert power
-Information power
-Affiliation power
-Group support
-Budget, equipment control

Question 14

What does a fourth dimension of power elude to?

Answer 14

The power of normative societal roles, systems of knowledge, ideology.