Micro topics Flashcards
Examinable micro topics in OB 2025 s1 (22 cards)
Define Theory of Mind
Our conception of how other people think, and how their thoughts influence their behaviour.
What theory explains why unskilled individuals overestimate their abilities?
Dunning-Kruger Effect
What is attribution theory?
Considers the formation of perceptions about people, often influenced by theory of mind which can lead to self-serving attribution errors.
What is a major cause of error in attribution and decision-making?
Cognitive biases
What is the main idea of Herbert Simon’s bounded rationality?
We have limited information for decision making, so general rules for decision making are used instead.
Name an advantage of teamwork for organisations
One of:
-the creation of synergy
-improved quality of working life for team members (social affiliation)
-improved problem-solving abilities
-establishes a culture (share beliefs, attitudes, values, behaviours).
What is the difference between groups and teams?
Groups can be formal or informal, teams are formal- created by the organisation whose objectives align with the organisation.
Define group
Two+ people acting interdependently to achieve a common objective.
What are the 5 stages of Tuckman’s model of team development?
1: Forming
2: Storming
3: Norming
4: Performing
6: Adjourning
What are the two types of group development activities?
-Maintenance/process activities
-Task activities
Name a disadvantage of teamwork in organisations
-Groupthink
-Social loafing
-Free-riding
Who created the concept of “Distributed Leadership”?
Barry
What are the four types of leadership that must be exercised for effective distributed leadership?
- Envisioning
- Organising
- Spanning
- Social
What are the three theoretical components of attitudes?
Emotional, cognitive, behavioural
What are the three elements of organisational culture?
Values, attitudes and behaviours
Name three of Hofstede’s dimensions of national culture
Three of:
-Power distance
-Individualism
-Motivation towards achievement
-Uncertain avoidance
-Long-term orientation
-Indulgence
What are the three defining features of motivation?
Effort, persistence, direction.
Motivation is the effort and persistence directed towards a goal.
Who developed the hierarchy that explains the Needs Theory of motivation?
Maslow
What are the three needs in the Acquired Needs Model?
Achievement, Affliliation, Power
Who developed the expectancy theory where people are motivated by the expected outcomes of their work?
Vroom
Who developed equity theory?
Adams
What are some motivators to work?
Job design- variety and autonomy
Empowerment- clear vision, boundaries, support
Reward
