Macromolecules

Question 1

a long molecule consisting of many similar building blocks

Answer 1

Polymer

Question 2

Repeating units that serve as building blocks

Answer 2

Monomer

Question 3

Carbohydrate Monomer

Answer 3

Monosaccharide

Question 4

Function: Fuel, carbon sources that can be converted to other molecules or combined into polymers

Answer 4

Carbohydrates

Question 5

Strengthens plant cell walls

Answer 5

Cellulose

Question 6

Stores glucose for energy (plants)

Answer 6

Starch

Question 7

Stores glucose for energy (animals)

Answer 7

Glycogen

Question 8

Strengthens exoskeletons and fungal cell walls

Answer 8

Chitin

Question 9

Chemical bond of monosaccharides

Answer 9

Glycosidic linkage

Question 10

Large biological molecules that are not polymers

Answer 10

Lipids

Question 11

Fats, phospholipids, and steroids

Answer 11

Lipids

Question 12

Components of fats

Answer 12

Fatty acid and glycerol

Question 13

3 fatty acids combined to a glycerol

Answer 13

Triglyceride

Question 14

Fatty acid with the maximum number of hydrogen

Answer 14

Saturated fats

Question 15

Are saturated fats solid or liquid at room temperature?

Answer 15

Solid

Question 16

Are unsaturated fats solid or liquid at room temperature?

Answer 16

Liquid

Question 17

Fatty acids with one or more double bond

Answer 17

Unsaturated fats

Question 18

2 fatty acids and a phosphate group attached to a glycerol

Answer 18

Phospholipid

Question 19

Is the head of a phospholipid hydrophobic or hydrophilic?

Answer 19

Hydrophilic

Question 20

Is the tail of a phospholipid hydrophobic or hydrophilic?

Answer 20

Hydrophobic

Question 21

A boundary between the cell and its external environment

Answer 21

Phospholipid bilayer

Question 22

Lipids characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four fused rings

Answer 22

Steroids

Question 23

Used as signaling molecules and in cell membranes

Answer 23

Steroids

Question 24

Function: enzymes, defense, storage, transport, cellular communication, movement, and structural support

Answer 24

Protein

Question 25

Monomer of Proteins

Answer 25

Amino acid

Question 26

Unbranched polymer built from amino acid

Answer 26

Polypeptides

Question 27

Mainly hydrocarbon with no electronegative atoms in side-chain

Answer 27

Nonpolar amino acids

Question 28

Oxygen, Nitrogen or Sulfur on the end of the chain

Answer 28

Polar amino acids

Question 29

Negatively charged side chain

Answer 29

Acidic amino acid

Question 30

Positively charged side chain

Answer 30

Basic amino acid

Question 31

Chemical bond of amino acids

Answer 31

Peptide bond

Question 32

Unique sequence of amino acids

Answer 32

Primary structure

Question 33

Found in most proteins, consists of coils and folds in the polypeptide chain

Answer 33

Secondary structure

Question 34

Determined by interactions among various side chains (R groups) (Overall shape of polypeptide)

Answer 34

Tertiary structure

Question 35

Bond strengthening proteins structure

Answer 35

Disulfide bond

Question 36

Combining of multiple polypeptides to one macromolecule

Answer 36

Quaternary structure

Question 37

Loss of proteins structure

Answer 37

Denaturation

Question 38

Types of nucleic acids

Answer 38

DNA and RNA

Question 39

Provides direction for its own replication

Answer 39

DNA

Question 40

Monomer of nucleic acids

Answer 40

Nucleotide

Question 41

Nitrogenous base, pentose sugar, and phosphate group

Answer 41

Components of nucleotide

Question 42

Cytosine, thymine, and uracil

Answer 42

Pyrimidines

Question 43

Adenine and guanine

Answer 43

Purines

Question 44

Single six-membered rings

Answer 44

Pyrimidines

Question 45

Six-membered ring fused to a five membered ring

Answer 45

Purines

Question 46

CUT the PY

Answer 46

Pyrimidines

Question 47

PURe As Gold

Answer 47

Purines

Question 48

Chemical bond of nucleotides

Answer 48

Phosphodiester linkage

Question 49

Function: Stores hereditary information

Answer 49

DNA

Question 50

Function: various functions of gene expression, including carrying instructions from DNA to ribosomes

Answer 50

RNA