MACROMOLECULES UNIT 2

Question 1

Polymer definition

Answer 1

Contains many monomers attached together.

Question 2

DISACCHARIDES

Answer 2

1. Lactose (Galactose & glucose)
2. Maltose (Glucose bound to glucose)
3. Surcrose (Fructose & Glucose)

Question 3

SATURATED FATS

Answer 3

• Full of hydrogens
• Solid at room temperature

Question 4

11 amino acids are…

Answer 4

Nonessential in diet
- body synthesizes these

Question 5

MONO-

Answer 5

One

Question 6

How is hemagoblin formed?

Answer 6

Proteins with a tertiary structure combine to form larger proteins

Question 7

POLY-

Answer 7

Many

Question 8

What elements make up proteins?

Answer 8

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen

Question 9

2 types of complex carbohydrates….

Answer 9

Aligosaccharides & Polyssacharides

Question 10

MACRO-

Answer 10

Large

Question 11

MICRO-

Answer 11

Small

Question 12

CARBOHYDRATES FUNCTIONS

Answer 12

1) Main source of energy (for the brain)
2) Storage of energy (store glucose as glycogen)
3) For communication on cells

Question 13

CARBOHYDRATES CALORIES

Answer 13

4 cal/gram

Question 14

SECONDARY STRUCTURE is…

Answer 14

Parts of the chains fold to make one or 2
HELIX & PLEATED

Question 15

SOURCES OF CARBOHYDRATES

Answer 15

1. Grains
2. Fruits & Vegetables
3. Sugary Products
4. Legumes

Question 16

TERTIARY STRUCTURE

Answer 16

Folds into a 3-d shape
Shapes dictates function

Question 17

CARBOHYDRATES FORMULA

Answer 17

C6 H12 O6

Question 18

PROTEINS
Monomer?

Answer 18

Amino acids

Question 19

POLYSACCHARIDES

Answer 19

Long chains & glycogen

Question 20

How many amino acids are there?

Answer 20

20

Question 21

Monomer of nucleic acids….

Answer 21

Nucleotides

Question 22

MONOSACCHARIDES

Answer 22

1. Glucose (blood sugar)
2. Fructose (Fruit sugar)
3. Galactose (Milk sugar)

Question 23

Common fats found in the body

Answer 23

1. Triglycerides (most common)
2. Phospholipids (make up cell membrane)
3. Steroids
4. Wax

Question 24

What is ATP?

Answer 24

Energy molecule used in the body.

Question 25

MONOMER

Answer 25

The smallest unit of a macromolecule.

Question 26

9 amino acids are….

Answer 26

Essential in diet - body cannot make these

Question 27

What are nucleic acids

Answer 27

It's our genetic material

Question 28

Where is glycogen stored in the body?

Answer 28

Muscles and liver

Question 29

ATP

Answer 29

Adenosine Triphosphate

Question 30

ALIGOSACCHARIDES

Answer 30

3 to 10 glucose molecules

Question 31

Functions of Lipids

Answer 31

1. Storage of energy. 2. Part of cell membrane (phospholipids) 3. Protection 4. Insulation 5. Hormones - steroids

Question 32

2 types of simple carbohydrates...

Answer 32

Monosaccharides and disaccharides

Question 33

4 Types of Protein Shapes

Answer 33

1. Polypeptide 2. Secondary Structure 3. Tertiary Structure 4. Quaternary Structure

Question 34

Tri-

Answer 34

Three

Question 35

POLYPEPTIDE is…

Answer 35

Long chain of amino acids

Question 36

UNSATURATED FATS

Answer 36

- Could add hydrogens - Have at least 1 double bond between carbons - liquid at room temperature

Question 37

Mer-

Answer 37

Units/parts

Question 38

What are proteins?

Answer 38

Long chains of amino acids

Question 39

What are complex carbohydrates?

Answer 39

Chains of 3 or more glucose molecules

Question 40

4 major macromolecules

Answer 40

1. Proteins 2. Carbohydrates 3. Lipids 4. Nucleic Acids

Question 41

Process that make proteins..

Answer 41

Translation - Makes proteins in the ribosome

Question 42

Elements that make up lipids..

Answer 42

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen

Question 43

What are simple carbohydrates?

Answer 43

Single sugars or a chain of 2

Question 44

RNA

Answer 44

1. Single Helix 2. Ribose 3. A, G, C, U 4. Takes instructions from DNA to outside of the nucleus 5. In and outside the nucleus

Question 45

Polymers Examples

Answer 45

DNA & RNA

Question 46

2 Types of Lipids...

Answer 46

Saturated & Unsaturated Fats

Question 47

Saccharide-

Answer 47

Sugar

Question 48

DNA

Answer 48

1. Double helix 2. Deoxyribose 3. T, A, G, C 4. Blueprint for you 5. Found in the nucleus

Question 49

Di-

Answer 49

Two

Question 50

PROTEIN FUNCTIONS

Answer 50

1. Structural/Shape 2. Transfer 3. Communication 4. Immunity 5. Movement

Question 51

QUATERNARY STRUCTURE

Answer 51

Not all proteins

Question 52

How are peptide bonds formed?

Answer 52

Formed between amino acids (covalent bond)