Made Ridiculously Simple

Question 1

SA node spontaneously fires—>

Answer 1

depolarization of atria –> contraction of atria

Question 2

The electrical impulse then travels to the AV node, where it is help up by a built in delay before preceding to the..

Answer 2

Bundle of His and bundle branches

Question 3

Finally, the electrical signal spreads across the ventricles by way of the…

Answer 3

Purkinje fibers

this causes the ventricles to contract as a unit

Question 4

the ____ wave represents the electrical depolarization that occurs just prior to atrial contraction

Answer 4

P wave

Question 5

Flat line (PR segment) between P wave and start of QRS complex represents

Answer 5

the time the impulse is held up at the AV node

Question 6

The _____ ______ represents ventricular depolarization

Answer 6

QRS complex

Question 7

The ___ wave represents ventricular repolarization

Answer 7

T wave

Question 8

What wave is sometimes visible after the T wave, but not always

Answer 8

U wave

Question 9

Which wave may represent further depolarization in the ventricle or repolarization of the Purkinje system

Answer 9

U wave

Question 10

The U wave may become more prominent in..

Answer 10

Bradycardia OR electrolyte imbalance

Question 11

Arrhythmias are classified by which 2 things?

Answer 11

Brady vs tachy

Location (atria vs ventricle)

Question 12

HR less than 60 bpm

Answer 12

Bradycardia

Question 13

Either a problem with the SA node OR a block somewhere in the conduction system may lead to…

Answer 13

Bradycardia

Question 14

What type of person might bradycardia be normal?

Answer 14

Well trained athlete

Question 15

• Normal physiologic response (i.e. sleep)
• Result of ischemia
• Certain drugs
• Increased vagal tone

Answer 15

Can all cause a decrease in SA node firing

Question 16

First downward deflection on EKG

Answer 16

Q wave

Question 17

First upward deflection of QRS complex

Answer 17

R wave

Question 18

Any downward wave that occurs after the R (upward deflection) wave

Answer 18

S wave

Question 19

If there are 2 upward deflections in a QRS complex, the second upward deflection is..

Answer 19

R prime

first one is R wave

Question 20

P waves and QRS appear normal, but the number of P and QRS complexes per unit time will be decreased

Answer 20

Bradycardia

Question 21

In ___ ____, the SA node pulses at its normal rate but the conduction is blocked somewhere along the route to the ventricles

Answer 21

heart block

Question 22

Blocks can occur in:

Answer 22

AV node
Bundle of His
Bundle branches

Question 23

First degree
Second degree Mobitz type I (Wenckebach)
Second degree Mobitz type II
Third degree (aka complete)

Answer 23

Types of heart blocks

Question 24

If some isolated ventricular cells produce an escape beat, the depolarization will spread in a less organized fashion, resulting in a..

Answer 24

Widened QRS complex

Question 25

What does a prolonged PR interval represent?

Answer 25

First degree heart block

Question 26

PR interval >0.2 seconds

Answer 26

First degree heart block

Question 27

Under normal circumstances, QRS complex mostly represents

Answer 27

Left ventricle

Question 28

PR interval represents the time that the impulse travels through the AV node. This interval is prolonged with a...

Answer 28

First degree heart block

Question 29

Which valves are the AV valves?

Answer 29

Mitral | Tricuspid

Question 30

Aortic and pulmonic valves lie between the _______ and their outflow vessels (aorta and pulmonary artery)

Answer 30

Ventricles

Question 31

Pulmonic valve lies between the _____ ventricle and the pulmonary artery

Answer 31

Right

Question 32

Aortic valve lies between the _____ ventricle and the aorta

Answer 32

Left

Question 33

Tricuspid valve is on which side of heart?

Answer 33

Right tRIcuspid, RIght side

Question 34

Mitral (bicuspid) valve is on which side of heart?

Answer 34

Left mitraL, Left side

Question 35

During systole, the ventricles...

Answer 35

Contract | forcefully expelling blood into outflow vessels

Question 36

During diastole, the ventricles..

Answer 36

Relax | ventricles fill with blood from the atria

Question 37

Which valves are closed during systole?

Answer 37

``` AV valves (mitral and tricuspid) **this prevents back flow of this blood from the ventricles to the atria ```

Question 38

Which valves are closed during diastole?

Answer 38

Aortic and pulmonic valves **this prevents back flow of blood that has just been ejected during systole

Question 39

Patients with _______ _______ may have: 1. downsloping ST segment depression 2. T wave inversion

Answer 39

ventricular hypertrophy