magnetism Flashcards
field lines
by convention go from north to south
magnetization
iron can be magnetized by rubbing it against magnetized iron - this aligns the spin of electrons
demagnetization
hammering or heating
soft metal
like iron - easy to magnetize and demagnetize
hard metal
like cobalt and nickel - hard to magnetize and demagnetize
magnetic field
vector quantity - region in which a magnetic force can be detected - direction is direction in ah oh north pole of compass needle points when in a magnetic field
magnetic field sign conventions
➡️ - in the plane of the page
✖️- into the page
⏺ - out of the page
right hand rule (first one)
if a wire carrying a current is grasped in the right hand with the thumb in the direction of the current, the fingers will curl in the direction of the magnetic field
electron pairs
electrons are said to have spins of up and down - if any electron is paired with another of opposite spin then the magnetic fields cancel if they aren’t magnetic (ex: wood, plastic)
ferromagnetic
if the electrons aren’t paired (as in nickel, iron, or cobalt), the spins are not cancelled and they are magnetic or labeled ferromagnetic (strong susceptibility to magnetism)
domains
a microscopic magnetic region composed of a group of attacks ms whose magnetic fields are aligned in a common direction
randomly aligned atoms
unmagnetized
solenoid
tightly wound coils of wire making a hollow tube. when a current is applied to the coils a magnetic field results. string current, stringer field. field inside is stronger than field outside.
stationary charge
doesn’t interact with a magnetic field
moving charge through a field
experiences a magnetic force - strongest when moving perpendicular to the field and zero when moving parallel to the field
