Main Group Chemistry Flashcards
Why do p block elmements bond less well with element E as period increases?
p orbital overlap becomes poorer resulting in weaker bonds
Why do p block elmements bond less well with element E that have lone pairs. Especially in the 1st row?
Lone pair repulsion makes for very weak bonds
Whats the difference between N and P
N is small and has good sigma and pi orbitals
P is a little larger with a longer sigma bond and poor pi orbitals
What is a metathesis reaction?
an organometallic complex that echanged the organic moiety
What is reduction and oxidation?
Reduction, gain of electron
decreases oxidation state
Oxidation, loss of electron
increases oxidation state
What is a transmetalation reaction
Exchange of organic moieties between two different organometallic complexes
What is notable about group 1?
Powerful reducing agents
Oxides are very basic
What is notable about group 2?
Lots of polymerisation
Grinard Reagents
Briding halogens very possible
Bulky R groups form more stable monomers
What is notable about group 13?
Strong lewis acids due to empty p orbital
p orbital can also take place in hyperconjucation
What is notable about group 14?
Si - C bond is very innert
Si is Oxophillic
Si doesnt form very good pi orbitals
Polysiloxanes
How do you create polysiloxanes of differing strengths?
n Me3SiCl + m Me2SiCl2 -> Me3Si-[O-SiMe2]2m/n-SiMe3
Requires water
Ratio of m and n controls the properties
Higher crosslinking required for more dense material (more ClSiMe3)
Whats cool about oxygen?
Oxides can be acidic or basic depending on element used in periodic table
Al oxides are super stable, driving force for reactions
Si oxides form zeolites which can be combined with Al to make differing properites
Whats cool about halogens?
Super reactive due to needing only 1 electron for complete octet
Officient oxidising agents. (Because they take electrons causing oxidation (removal of electrons))
