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biology > major macromolecules > Flashcards

major macromolecules Flashcards

1
Q

what elements are found in carbs? in what ratio

A

CHO, 1:2:1

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2
Q

what are examples of carbs?

A

sugars, starches, and cellulose

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3
Q

what is the main function of carbs?

A

living things use carbohydrates as their main energy

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4
Q

contain only one molecule of sugar, glucose

A

monosaccharides

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5
Q

composed of 2 molecules of sugar bonded together

A

disaccharides

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6
Q

composed of many molecules of sugar bonded together, starch.

A

polysaccharides

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7
Q

the way plants store excess glucose

A

starch

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8
Q

the way animals store excess glucose

A

glycogen

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9
Q

what makes up the majority of the plant cell walls

A

cellulose

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10
Q

3 common types of lipids

A

fats, oil,waxes

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11
Q

what are the 2 parts of a lipid

A

glycerol, fatty acids

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12
Q

what is a triglyceride

A

3 fatty acids, one glycerol

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13
Q

what are the solid lipids called

A

saturated fats

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14
Q

what are the liquid lipids called

A

unsaturated fats

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14
Q

what is the difference between saturated and unsaturated

A

unsaturated has a double bond, saturated is a single bond

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15
Q

what are nucleic acids made of

A

nucleotide

15
Q

what elements are found in nucleic acids?

A

CHONP

16
Q

what are the 2 types of nucleic acids

A

dna, rna

17
Q

what is the function of nucleic acids

A

store and transmit genetic information.

18
Q

what are proteins made of

A

amino acids

19
Q

how do amino acids differ

A

the difference in the side chain or R group

20
Q

what is the biological catalyst

A

an enzyme ( proteins that speed up the chemical reactions of the cell)

21
Q

are enzymes reusable

A

yes they can be used over and over again

22
Q

why are enzymes so important to life

A

because without them the cell will die.

23
Q

where on an enzyme does a substrate bind

A

active site

24
Q

what factors can effect enzyme activity

A

PH, temperature

biology (11 decks)

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