Making Salts

Question 1

Neutralisation reaction

Answer 1

Acid + Alkali
e.g., H+ + OH- -> H2O

Question 2

metal + acid

Answer 2

metal salt + hydrogen

Question 3

metal oxide + acid

Answer 3

metal salt + water

Question 4

metal carbonate + acid

Answer 4

metal salt + carbon dioxide + water

Question 5

ammonium salt + base

Answer 5

salt + ammonia + water

Question 6

naming salts

Answer 6

Cation:
- a metal or ammonium

Anion: depends on the acid
- HCL = Cl-
- H2SO4 = SO42-
- HNO3 = NO3-

Question 7

general guideline on solubility

Answer 7

Soluble:
- All group 1 and ammonium salts
- All nitrates
- Most halide salts
- Most sulfates
- group 1 and ammonium carbonates
- group 1, ammonium & calcium hydroxides

Insoluble:
- Silver & lead halides
- Lead, barium & calcium sulfates
- Most carbonates
- Most hydroxides

Question 8

Evaporation

Answer 8

remove all water to form an anhydrous salt

Question 9

Crystallisation

Answer 9

removes the liquid water to form a hydrated salt crystal

Question 10

Will an insoluble salt be made?

Answer 10

Yes -> precipitate formed -> use filtration to separate salt from liquid solution

No -> no precipitate -> use titration to neutralise the solution and reach the end point -> evaporate some of the liquid and allow rest to evaporate naturally