Male Hormones HW Questions

Question 1

Where are leydig cells located?

Answer 1

soft tissue between the seminiferous tubules

Question 2

Which hormone stimulates leydig cells to produce testosterone?

Answer 2

LH

Question 3

The hypothalamus secretes ________ which stimulates the anterior pituitary to secrete ________ and _________

Answer 3

GnRH, FSH, LH

Question 4

What is the name for a group of hormones that have masculinizing effects?

Answer 4

androgens

Question 5

Which androgens are produced by the testes?

Answer 5

testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and androstenedione

Question 6

Which enzyme is needed to convert testosterone into estrogen?

Answer 6

aromatase

Question 7

Most testosterone is transported in the blood bound to this protein

Answer 7

sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG)

Question 8

What hormone stimulates fetal testes to produce testosterone?

Answer 8

human chorionic gonadotropin

Question 9

When does a male infant stop producing testosterone?

Answer 9

10 weeks old

Question 10

What is cryptorchidism?

Answer 10

undescended fetal testicles

Question 11

What is the primary effect testosterone has on target cells?

Answer 11

protein synthesis

Question 12

Are increased RBC production and increased muscle mass a direct or indirect effect of testosterone?

Answer 12

direct

Question 13

Which derivative of testosterone is directly responsible for primary and secondary male sex charcateristics?

Answer 13

dihydrotestosterone

Question 14

How does testosterone effect bone matrix?

Answer 14

increases quality and retains calcium

Question 15

What effect does testosterone have on the development of the male pelvis?

Answer 15

narrowing and lengthening of the pelvic inlet

Question 16

Which hormone is directly responsible for closure of epiphyseal plates in males?

Answer 16

estrogen

Question 17

Where are sertoli cells located?

Answer 17

seminiferous tubules

Question 18

What enzyme produced by sertoli cells converted testosterone into estrogen?

Answer 18

aromatase

Question 19

Which testicular cell produces androgen binding protein?

Answer 19

sertoli

Question 20

What is the function of androgen binding protein?

Answer 20

sequester testosterone into the seminiferous tubules

Question 21

Which hormone produced by sertoli cells inhibits fetal development of the female reproductive tract?

Answer 21

antimullerian hormone

Question 22

Which hormone produced by sertoli cells has the ability to inhibit the anterior pituitary from secreting follicle stimulating hormone?

Answer 22

inhibin

Question 23

What is spermatogenesis?

Answer 23

production of sperm

Question 24

Where does spermatogenesis occur?

Answer 24

seminiferous tubules

Question 25

What hormones are required to initiate spermatogenesis?

Answer 25

FSH and testosterone

Question 26

What type of mitotic division begins the first stage of spermatogenesis?

Answer 26

mitosis

Question 27

What is the significance of one diploid daughter cell remaining at the basement membrane of the seminiferous tubule after mitosis?

Answer 27

permits spermatogonium to grow and divide again

Question 28

What are the end products of spermatogenesis?

Answer 28

4 unique haploid spermatids

Question 29

What is spermiogenesis?

Answer 29

end stage of spermatogenesis that converts spermatids into sperm

Question 30

Where are newly formed sperm released in the seminiferous tubules?

Answer 30

into the lumen

Question 31

What specific hormone is required for spermiogenesis?

Answer 31

estrogen

Question 32

High levels of this hormone are found in seminiferous tubular fluid

Answer 32

estrogen

Question 33

What are the 3 main parts of a mature sperm?

Answer 33

head, mid-piece, flagellum

Question 34

Where is the acrosome cap located and what does it contain?

Answer 34

head of sperm, proteolytic acid

Question 35

What is the function of the acrosome cap?

Answer 35

dissolve the zona pellucida

Question 36

What type of pH environment is hostile to sperm?

Answer 36

acidic

Question 37

Why are testicles located outside of the body cavity?

Answer 37

requires temp 2 degrees C cooler than body core to produce sperm

Question 38

Where do sperm mature?

Answer 38

epididymis

Question 39

Where is sperm stored?

Answer 39

tail end of epididymis and vas deferens

Question 40

What percentage of semen is sperm?

Answer 40

10%

Question 41

Which product of semen contains buffers that alter the pH of the female reproductive tract?

Answer 41

prostatic fluid

Question 42

Which product of semen contains fructose for energy?

Answer 42

seminal fluid

Question 43

What is the purpose of prostaglandins in seminal fluid?

Answer 43

reverse uterine peristalsis

Question 44

Which product of semen causes sperm to stick to the vagina wall immediately after ejaculation?

Answer 44

prostatic fluid

Question 45

Which division of the ANS facilitates an erection?

Answer 45

parasympathetic

Question 46

Which neurotransmitter is secreted by pudendal nerves to facilitate an erection?

Answer 46

NO

Question 47

Which type of receptor does NE secrete from T12-L2 nerve roots bind to initiate semen emission?

Answer 47

alpha 1

Question 48

What process washes cholesterol away from sperm?

Answer 48

capacitation

Question 49

What process makes sperm membranes more permeable to calcium ions?

Answer 49

capacitation

Question 50

A sudden increase of this intracellular ion stimulates powerful whiplash motion of flagellum

Answer 50

calcium

Question 51

Which ion assists the acrosome in releasing enzymes to penetrate the zona pellucida?

Answer 51

calcium