Male Repro

Question 1

Zygote

Answer 1

The combination of both parent’s gametes

Question 2

How the Y chromosome determine sex?

Answer 2

SRY gene

Question 3

SRY gene

Answer 3

Is responsible for the initiation of MALE SEX DETERMINATION

Question 4

TDF

Answer 4

Initiates development of testes

Question 5

What does the SRY gene do?

Answer 5

1) Stimulates the mesonephrenic ducts to develop into the male anatomy.
2) At same time the testes secrete MULLERIAN - INHIBITING FACTOR causing degeneration of the paramesophrenic ducts.

Question 6

Cryptorchidisms

Answer 6

Boys born with undescended testes

Question 7

Left testicle

Answer 7

Usually descends lower than the right.

So, the 2 are not compressed against each other.

Question 8

Internal median septum

Answer 8

Divides the scrotum into right and left compartment

Question 9

Perineal raphe

Answer 9

Medial seam:
Located into the scrotum extending Extending anteriorly along the ventral side of the pennies and posteriorly to the anus.

Question 10

Spermatic cord

Answer 10

Bundle of fibrous connective tissues containing ducts deferents, blood and lymphatic vessels and testicular nerves.

Question 11

External Inguinal Ring

Answer 11

Inferior entrance to the Inguinal cavity

Question 12

Internal Inguinal Ring

Answer 12

Superior exit to pelvic cavity

Question 13

What are the three machanism to regulates temperature of the testess?

Answer 13

1) Dartos Muscle
2) Cremaster muscle
3) Pampiniform plexus

Question 14

Dartors muscle

Answer 14

Underneath the skin, SMOOTH MUSCLE

Contracts when is cold, wrinkling the scrotum, holding the testes against warm body.

Question 15

Cremaster muscle

Answer 15

Strips of the INTERNAL ABDOMINAL OBLIQUE MUSCLE

In cold temperatures: CONTRACTS and draws testes upwards towards the body.

Warm temperatures: RELAXES suspending the testes further from the body.

Question 16

Pampiniform plexus

Answer 16

Extensive network of veins from the testes that surrounds the testicular artery and spermatic cord.

Question 17

Functions of Pampiniform plexus

Answer 17

Counter counter heat exchanger: without the pampiniform plexus, warm arterial blood would heat the testes and inhibit sperm production.

Removes heat: from the descending arterial blood

Question 18

Seminiferous tubules

Answer 18

Sperm generation

Question 19

Leyding cells

Answer 19

Produce testosterone

Question 20

Sertoli cells

Answer 20

Protect the germs cells, and promotes their development.

Provide nutrients, waste removal, growth factors and other needs.

Question 21

Efferent ductules

Answer 21

Ciliated ducts collecting sperm from rete testes and transporting it to epididymis

Question 22

Duct of the epididymis (head,body, and tail)

Answer 22

Site of maturation & storage of sperm.

Sperm is fertile to 40 to 60 days

Sperm mature as they travel through the duct.

If it not ejaculated, they disintegrated and epidimys reabsorbs them

Question 23

Vas deferents (Spermatic duct)

Answer 23

From scrotum to Inguinal canal posterior surface of bladder

Duct behind the bladder and widens into the terminal ampulla.

Duct ends by uniting with duct of the seminal vesicles.

Question 24

Ejaculatory duct (Spermatic duct)

Answer 24

Formed from ducts deferents & seminal vesicles.

Passes through prostate to empty the urethra.

Question 25

What does the spermatic duct consist of ?

Answer 25

3 regions: Prostatic Membranous Spongy (penile) urethra

Question 26

Seminal Vesicles (Accesory glands)

Answer 26

Forms 60% of semen Empties into the ejaculatory duct. Pair of glands posterior to the bladder.

Question 27

Prostate glands (Accesory glands)

Answer 27

Thin milky secretion forms 30% of semen. Surrounds the urethra and ejaculatory duct just inferior to the bladder.

Question 28

Bulbourethral (Cowper) glands (ACCESORY GLANDS)

Answer 28

Near bulb of penis Produce a clear slippery fluids Lubricates the head of the penis. Protects the sperms. Neutralizes the acidity of residual urine in the urethra

Question 29

Penis Functions of the cylindrical bodies of the erectile tissues

Answer 29

Fill with blood during sexual arousal and account for its enlargement and erection.

Question 30

3 cylindrical bodies of erectile tissue

Answer 30

Composed of: A SINGLE Corpus spongiosum along ventral side of the penis 2 Corpora carvernosa

Question 31

Corpus spongiosum

Answer 31

Encloses spongy (penile) urethra. Distal ends enlarges and forms the glands penis. Proximal end ends as a dilated bulb ensheathed by bulbospongiosus muscle

Question 32

Corpora cavernosa

Answer 32

Diverge like arms of a Y. Each arms called CRUS attaches penis to pubic arch. Covered with ISCHIOCAVERNUS MUSCLE

Question 33

Spermatozoon have 2 parts

Answer 33

Head & TAIL

Question 34

Head of spermatozoon

Answer 34

Nucleus: contains of haploid set of chromosomes Acromosome: enzyme cap over the apical half of the nucleus that contains ENZYMES THAT PENETRATES THE EGGS. Basal body: where the flagellum attaches.

Question 35

Tail of spermatozoon

Answer 35

Divided into 3 regions: Midpiece: contains mitochondria around abóneme of the flagella, produces ATP for flagelar movement. Principal piece: is axoneme surrounded by sheath of supporting fibers. *** Constitute of most of the tail. Endpiece: is very narrow tip of flagella

Question 36

Semen (seminal fluid)

Answer 36

Fluid expelled during the orgasm 2 to 5mL of fluids expelled during ejaculation. 60% seminal vesicles fluid. 30% prostatic fluid. 10% spermatic duct secretion. Normal sperm count: 50 to 120 million/mL lower than that INFERTILITY

Question 37

Phases of man intercourses

Answer 37

``` Divided into 4 phases: Excitement Plateau Orgasm Resolution REMEMBER ***R.O.P.E**** ```

Question 38

Internal Pudendal Artery Division | DORSAL ARTERY

Answer 38

Travels under skin on dorsal surface. Blood to skin and CORPUS SPONGIOSUM Penis is flaccid

Question 39

Internal Pudendal Artery Division | DEEP ARTERY

Answer 39

Travels through the core of the CORPUS CAVERNOSA Fills lacunae causing ERECTION Many anastasomes Unite deep and dorsal arteries.

Question 40

Internal Pudendal Artery Division | DEEP DORSAL VEIN

Answer 40

Drains blood from penis

Question 41

Innervation of the penis | GLANDS RECEPTORS

Answer 41

Tactile Pressure Temperatures

Question 42

Innervation of the penis | INTERNAL PUDENDAL NERVES

Answer 42

Lead to integrating center. The sacral spinal cord

Question 43

Innervation of the penis: | Sympathetic

Answer 43

Induce and erection Response to inputs from special senses and to the sexual thoughts.

Question 44

Innervation of the penis | PARASYMPATHETIC

Answer 44

Induce ejaculation | Response to direct stimulation of the penis.

Question 45

Sperm

Answer 45

Sperm is fertile to 40 to 60 days Sperm mature as they travel through the duct. If it not ejaculated, they disintegrated and epidimys reabsorbs them