Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy Final > Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

Male Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

components of male reproductive system

A 
testes
duct system
glands
external genitalia
    -penis
    -scrotum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

testes

A
  • male gonads
  • contain seminiferous tubules where sperm is produced
  • contain leydig cells where testosterone is produced
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

contents of seminiferous tubules

A
  • spermatogonia: sperm stem cells
  • sperm
  • sertoli cells
  • leydig cells: *interstitial cell (not necessarily part of tubule)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is spermatogenesis?

A

the continuous process of sperm production
-begins at puberty
-continues into old age
process begins in outermost layer of seminiferous tubules
proceeds toward lumen in which sperm are released into

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

steps in spermatogenesis

A
  1. spermatogonia: undergo mitosis
  2. spermatocytes: undergo meiosis
  3. spermatids: undergo physical maturation
  4. spermatozoa (aka sperm): enter lumen of seminiferous tubules
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

three parts of a sperm

A
  1. tail
  2. middle piece
  3. head
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

head of mature sperm

A
  • contains nucleus which contains chromosomes
  • no energy reserves so have to absorb nutrients from surrounding fluid
  • tip of head covered by acrosomal cap (essential for fertilization)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

middle pieces of mature sperm

A

contains mitochondria to provide energy ATP to move the tail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

tail of mature sperm

A
  • only flagellum in human body

- whip-like organelle to move the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

functions of sertoli cells inside of seminiferous tubules

A
  1. support spermatogenesis
    • provide nutrients and chemical stimuli for development
    • stimulated by FSH and testosterone
  2. maintain blood-testis barrier
    • formed by tight junctions between sertoli cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

leydig cells

A
  • not inside of tubules
  • in CT surrounding seminiferous tubules
  • stimulated by LH to PRODUCE TESTOSTERONE
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

functions of testosterone: male sex hormone

A
  • most important androgen
    1. stimulates spermatogenesis
    2. promotes labida (sexual drive)
    3. establishes male secondary characteristics
    • facial hair and incr. muscle mass
      1. maintains glands and organs of male reproductive tract
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

hormone regulation of FSH

A

FSH -> sertoli cells -> spermatogenesis -> sperm cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

hormone regulation of LH

A

LH -> leydig cells -> testosterone -> sertoli cells, spermatogenesis, and reproductive tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

semen =

A

sperm (from testes) + fluids (from glands)

-delivered by duct system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

pathway of spermatozoa thru duct system

A
  1. epididymis
  2. ductus deferens
  3. ejaculatory duct
  4. urethra
17
Q

epididymis

A
  • coiled tube of duct system
  • primary storage of sperms (protects them)
  • sperm leaving here are still immobile
18
Q

ductus deferens

A
  • tube of duct system
  • stores sperm
  • contains smooth muscle; contractions propel semen
  • travels thru inguinal canal as part of spermatic cord
19
Q

spermatic cord

A

name for all of these:

  • ductus deferens
  • nerves
  • blood vessels
  • surrounding layer of anterior body wall including muscles and CT
20
Q

inguinal ligament and canal

A
  • ligament forms canal
  • passageway out of abdominal wall thru which spermatic cord must pass
  • weak point in abdominal wall
21
Q

ejaculatory duct

A
  • short duct formed by joining of ductus deferens and seminal vesicle
  • travels thru prostate gland
  • empties into urethra
22
Q

male urethra

A
  • 1st part of it travels thru prostate gland which secretes prostate fluids into urethra
  • then travels thru penis which releases semen
23
Q

glands

A
  • produce the fluid component of semen
  • includes:
    1. seminal vesicle
    2. prostate gland
    3. bulbourethral glands
24
Q

seminal vesicles

A
  • produce most (60%) of semen volume

- its fluids activate immobile sperm

25
Q

semen fluid contains:

A
  • fructose: energy
  • prostaglandins: stimulates muscle contractions
  • fibrinogen: forms temporary clot in vagina
26
Q

prostate gland

A
  • encircles first part of urethra
  • forms 20-30% of semen volume
    • contains antibiotics
27
Q

penis

A
  • releases urine and sperm
  • shaft is composed of erectile tissue
    • 2 corpa cavernosa which surrounds central artery
    • 1 corpus spongiosum which surrounds urethra
28
Q

scrotum

A
  • divided into 2 chambers by scrotal septum
  • associated with 2 muscle types:
    1. outer Dartos
    2. inner Cremaster
29
Q

dartos muscle

A

-layer of smooth muscle in scrotum skin

30
Q

cremaster muscle

A
  • layer of skeletal muscle deep to scrotum skin
  • component of spermatic cord
  • important for temperature regulation by moving testes away/towards body
31
Q

male sexual arousal

A
  • initiates secretion of bulbourethral glands
  • leads to:
    1. erection (parasympathetic)
    2. emission (sympathetic)
    3. ejaculation (somatomotor)
      * in this order*
32
Q

erection

A
  1. bloodflow from arteries into erectile tissue increases
  2. pressure exerted on connective tissue sheath collapses the dorsal vein, which prohibits drainage of blood out
  3. penis stiffens
33
Q

emission

A
  1. peristaltic contractions of smooth muscle in the ductus deferens, seminal vesicles, and prostate gland
  2. this pushes semen into urethra
34
Q

ejaculation

A
  1. rhythmic contractions of skeletal muscles surrounding erectile tissue in penis
  2. this pushes semen out of urethral opening
    - accompanied by orgasm

Anatomy Final (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions