Malnutrition / Lipidemia / Physical Activity

Question 1

What does FITT stand for?

Answer 1

Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type

Question 2

How is the “F” in the FITT principle usually measured?

Answer 2

Days per week.

Question 3

How is the “I” in the FITT principle usually measured?

Answer 3

Light, moderate, or vigorous.

Question 4

How is the “Time” in the FITT principle usually measured?

Answer 4

Length and duration of physical activity.

Question 5

How is “Type” in the FITT principle usually measured?

Answer 5

What kind of physical activity, sport, or type of exercise.

Question 6

What is the daily/weekly recommended amount of aerobic activity, muscle strengthening, bone strengthening for children & adolescents?

Answer 6

> 60 min / day at least 3x/wk for each activity.

Question 7

What is the daily/weekly recommended amount of aerobic activity and muscle strengthening for adults?

Answer 7

150 min aerobic training weekly + resistance training x2 / week.

Question 8

How does the recommended physical activity for seniors (65+) differ from a adult (18-64y) requirements.

Answer 8

Add balance exercises to bone strengthening activities to weekly workload.

Question 9

Early death, heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes, depression, and some cancers are all associated with what stimulus?

Answer 9

Physical Activity

Question 10

About how many adults meet physical activity requirements?

Answer 10

About 1 in 5 (21%).

Question 11

Which region of the US typically scores the worst in physical activity requirements?

Answer 11

South

Question 12

What is malnutrition?

Answer 12

Deficiencies, excesses, or imbalances in energy intake. (underweight and overweight populations)

Question 13

How would Under-Nutrition be defined?

Answer 13

Lack of nutrients needed for tissue maintenance and repair.

Question 14

What is the underlying risk factor for malnutrition?

Answer 14

Inflammation (Increased risk of mortality)

Question 15

For a malnutrition diagnosis, the presence of two or more of what subjective global assessments should be present?

Answer 15

Question 16

What should be the focus of malnutrition treatment?

Answer 16

Nutrient Intake: regain muscle mass and replete subcutaneous fat to improve functional status.

Question 17

What is the BMI range for someone that is overweight?

Answer 17

25 - 29.9 kg/m2

Question 18

What is the BMI range for someone with Class 1: Obesity?

Answer 18

30 - 34.9 kg/m2

Question 19

What is the BMI range for someone with Class 2: Obesity?

Answer 19

35 - 39.9 kg/m2

Question 20

What is the BMI range for someone with Class 3: Obesity?

Answer 20

> 40 kg/m2

Question 21

Cardiovascular Disease (CVD), Diabetes mellitus, some forms of cancer, and musculoskeletal problems are function of what disease?

Answer 21

Obesity

Question 22

For males, what waist size is a threshold for CVD?

Answer 22

> 35 inches

Question 23

For females, what waist size is a threshold for CVD?

Answer 23

> 40 inches

Question 24

How frequent should aerobic activity be performed for obesity treatment and at what difficulty?

Answer 24

40-60% VO2 for than 5 days / week for at least 30 minutes.

Question 25

How often should resistance training be performed for obesity treatment and at what difficulty?

Answer 25

2-3 days / week at 60-70% 1RM.

Question 26

What is the weekly physical activity goal to maintain long-term weight loss?

Answer 26

>250 total minutes weekly, over 5-7 days.

Question 27

What is Dyslipidemia?

Answer 27

Abnormal amounts of lipids in the blood. (LDL UP / HDL Down + elevated triglycerides)

Question 28

What is Dyslipidemia a major risk for?

Answer 28

Atherosclerotic CVD.

Question 29

What are Triglycerides (TG) and where are they?

Answer 29

Storage form of fat, found circulating in the blood via lipoproteins.

Question 30

What is Cholesterol and where can it be found?

Answer 30

Fatlike waxy substance residing with cell membranes circulating the blood supply via lipoproteins. It is also precursor to steroid hormones.

Question 31

What are 4 Lipoproteins?

Answer 31

Chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, HDL

Question 32

What are Chlyomicrons and where do they originate from?

Answer 32

Transport lipids to tissues, sourced from the intestine.

Question 33

What is VLDL and where does it originate from?

Answer 33

Precursor of LDL that transports triglycerides, sourced from the liver.

Question 34

What is LDL, and where does it originate from?

Answer 34

Transports cholesterol throughout the body (transport vessel for CH), sourced from VLDL & chylomicrons?

Question 35

What is HDL, and where does it originate from?

Answer 35

From the intestine, removes cholesterol from tissues and LDL-C to return to the liver.

Question 36

What causes Dyslipidemia?

Answer 36

Environmental (diet & lifestyle), Genetics (poor LDL receptors), and Pathology (metabolic syndrome).

Question 37

What is optimal or near optimal for LDL levels?

Answer 37

< 100 - 129.

Question 38

What is a desirable Total Cholesterol (TC) level?

Answer 38

< 200.

Question 39

What range should HDL Cholesterol levels be in?

Answer 39

40 - 60 (normal)

Question 40

What is a normal level for Triglycerides?

Answer 40

< 150 (Normal)

Question 41

What are the 2 primary forms of Dyslipidemia treatments?

Answer 41

Lifestyle Change & Statin's

Question 42

What do Statins help prevent?

Answer 42

Heart Attack & Stroke.